Good to see USDA/FSIS and JBS Swift are working on the 4th. The list of retailers is now is 82 pages long. The E. coli O157:H7 Illnesses are at least 23 in 9 states.
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I am off to California and New Mexico in the morning to meet with two HUS victims of this recall.
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JBS Swift USA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) have released a list of retailers that received meat that may have been tainted with E. coli. JBS Swift USA has recalled more than 420,000 pounds of beef that left the Greeley packing plant in April. The retail outlets include:
»Price Chopper stores.
»Hannaford stores in Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts and New York.
»Stop & Shop stores in Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, northern Kentucky, southeastern Indiana, western Tennessee and Arkansas.
»Kroger stores in Mississippi and Illinois.
»Food 4 Less in the Chicago area
»Fry's stores in Arizona.
»Smith's stores in Arizona, Utah and other Western states.
» Costco.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and FSIS say illnesses have been reported in California (4), Maine (1), Michigan (6), Minnesota (1), New Hampshire (1), New Jersey (2), New Mexico (1), New York (1) and Wisconsin (6).
Health officials with The Atlanta based Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say at least twelve people have been hospitalized in connection with a possible E. coli outbreak in beef. WGPB's John Sepulvado reports some three hundred eighty thousand pounds (actually 420,000) of beef have been recalled in connection to the outbreak:
Colorado's JBS Swift Beef Company processed the suspect meat in April, and the recall began last week. While many national grocery chains have begun pulling meat from the shelves, some stores and vendors that sell JBS products have not been identified publicly. Food safety advocates, like Seattle based attorney Bill Marler, are urging federal authorities to reveal those vendors as the July 4th holiday approaches.
We know that this meat has gone to every state and internationally, we know it has sickened at least twenty three people in nine states, we as the public have an absolute right to know where this meat went.
Marler represents two men (actually kids) who suffered kidney failure (HUS) after eating the meat. Federal officials have ten days from the date of the recall to compile a list of all the vendors---meaning by law, that list must be finished by July 3rd.
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We have been retained by 20 of these linked cases (4 HUS) and have thus far filed suit in 3 cases. We have not filed any suits this week waiting to see if Nestle will offer to pay the acute phase medical expense and wage loss of its customers. From the CDC last night:
72 persons infected with a strain of E. coli O157:H7 with a particular DNA fingerprint have been reported from 30 states. Of these, 51 have been confirmed by an advanced DNA test as having the outbreak strain; these confirmatory test results are pending on the others. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Arizona (2), California (3), Colorado (6), Connecticut (1), Delaware (1), Georgia (1), Iowa (2), Illinois (5), Kentucky (2), Massachusetts (4), Maryland (2), Maine (3), Minnesota (6), Missouri (1), Montana (1), North Carolina (2), New Hampshire (2), New Jersey (1), Nevada (2), New York (1), Ohio (3), Oklahoma (1), Oregon (1), Pennsylvania (2), South Carolina (1), Texas (3), Utah (4), Virginia (2), Washington (6), and Wisconsin (1).
Ill persons range in age from 2 to 65 years; however, 65% are less than 19 years old; 71% are female. Thirty-four persons have been hospitalized, 10 developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS); none have died. Reports of these infections increased above the expected baseline in May and continue into June.
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In an epidemiologic study, ill persons answered questions about foods consumed during the days before becoming ill and investigators compared their responses to those of persons of similar age and gender previously reported to State Health Departments with other illnesses. Preliminary results of this investigation indicate a strong association with eating raw prepackaged cookie dough. Most patients reported eating refrigerated prepackaged Nestle Toll House cookie dough products raw.
On June 29, 2009, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced that a culture of a sample of prepackaged Nestle Toll House refrigerated cookie dough currently under recall yielded E. coli O157:H7. The contaminated sample was collected at the firm on June 25, 2009. Further laboratory testing is underway to determine whether the E. coli strain in the product matched the strain causing the outbreak.
A few days before many of us light up the barbeque, JBS Swift and the FSIS finally publish the list of retailers who received the tainted-meat (click on below).
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Frankly, the retailer names had trickled out over the last few days as responsible stores alerted thier customers. Whats a bit odd, it that the location of the stores that received the meat do not seem to completely match up to where the illnesses are located. According to the CDC, twenty three persons infected with a strain of E. coli O157:H7 with a particular "DNA fingerprint" have been reported from 9 states. Of these, 17 have been confirmed by an advanced DNA test as having the outbreak strain; confirmatory tests are pending on others. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: California (4), Maine (1), Michigan (6), Minnesota (1), New Hampshire (1), New Jersey (2), New Mexico (1), New York (1) and Wisconsin (6). So, begs the question? "Where is ALL of the beef?"
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On June 24, FSIS issued a notice about a recall of 41,280 pounds of beef products from JBS Swift Beef Company that may be contaminated with E. coli O157:H7. On June 28, the recall was expanded to include 380,000 pounds of assorted pieces of beef (beef primal products) from the same company.
The CDC reports today that twenty three persons infected with a strain of E. coli O157:H7 with a particular "DNA fingerprint" have been reported from 9 states. Of these, 17 have been confirmed by an advanced DNA test as having the outbreak strain; confirmatory tests are pending on others. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: California (4), Maine (1), Michigan (6), Minnesota (1), New Hampshire (1), New Jersey (2), New Mexico (1), New York (1) and Wisconsin (6).
Among 17 ill persons for whom hospitalization status is known, 12 (70%) were hospitalized. Two patients developed a type of kidney failure called hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).
Now, a week into the recall FSIS and JBS Swift Beef has not disclosed the names of all stores that received the E. coli-tainted beef. Why? As I said to ABC News:
But Bill Marler, an attorney focused on food poisoning cases with the Seattle-based law firm Marler Clark, said if the FSIS waits 10 days, the information would be of little help to consumers who have already prepared for the holiday weekend -- even if the FSIS is following the rule.
"It just seems inconceivable to me that they can't release this information more timely so people who have this in their refrigerator know what to do with it or know what not to do with it," Marler said.
"Whether they're absolutely following the rule or not, this is the kind of information that JBS Swift should have at their fingertips," he added.
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72 persons infected with a strain of E. coli O157:H7 with a particular DNA fingerprint have been reported from 30 states. Of these, 51 have been confirmed by an advanced DNA test as having the outbreak strain; these confirmatory test results are pending on the others. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Arizona (2), California (3), Colorado (6), Connecticut (1), Delaware (1), Georgia (1), Iowa (2), Illinois (5), Kentucky (2), Massachusetts (4), Maryland (2), Maine (3), Minnesota (6), Missouri (1), Montana (1), North Carolina (2), New Hampshire (2), New Jersey (1), Nevada (2), New York (1), Ohio (3), Oklahoma (1), Oregon (1), Pennsylvania (2), South Carolina (1), Texas (3), Utah (4), Virginia (2), Washington (6), and Wisconsin (1).
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Ill persons range in age from 2 to 65 years; however, 65% are less than 19 years old; 71% are female. Thirty-four persons have been hospitalized, 10 developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS); none have died. Reports of these infections increased above the expected baseline in May and continue into June.
Brian Hartman of ABC reports that FDA investigators today found E. coli O157:H7 at the plant in Danville, Virginia where Nestle makes Toll House Cookie Dough.
The bacteria, according to an FDA official, was found at the plant in an unopened package of raw chocolate chip cookie dough. It had been manufactured on February 10, 2009 but had not yet been shipped.
Investigators still do not know how the E. coli got into the dough. But finding this “smoking gun” package confirms they pushed for a recall of the correct product.
Well done Brian.
69 persons infected with a strain of E. coli O157:H7 with a particular DNA fingerprint have been reported from 29 states. Of these, 46 have been confirmed by an advanced DNA test as having the outbreak strain; these confirmatory test results are pending on the others. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Arizona (2), California (3), Colorado (5), Connecticut (1), Delaware (1), Georgia (1), Iowa (2), Illinois (5), Kentucky (3), Massachusetts (4), Maryland (2), Maine (3), Minnesota (6), Missouri (1), Montana (1), North Carolina (2), New Hampshire (2), New Jersey (1), Nevada (2), Ohio (3), Oklahoma (1), Oregon (1), Pennsylvania (2), South Carolina (1), Texas (3), Utah (2), Virginia (2), Washington (6), and Wisconsin (1).
Ill persons range in age from 2 to 65 years; however, 64% are less than 19 years old; 73% are female. Thirty-four persons have been hospitalized, 9 developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS); none have died. Reports of these infections increased above the expected baseline in May and continue into June.
I spent time yesterday visiting with a feisty “50 something” woman and her adoring husband (they have six kids) in a Nevada hospital as she spent her 50th day hospitalized with severe complication of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome from an E. coli O157:H7 infection linked directly to Nestlé Cookie Dough. For a woman who has lost part of her large intestine, is still on dialysis, and is learning to walk again, her spirit was amazing. Still on a feeding tube and between retching because of ongoing gastroenterological problems, she still was able to lovingly tease her husband and make a lawyer feel welcome. The husband kept saying, "I would not wish this on my worst enemy."
I was stuck at their lack of anger towards Nestlé whose product contained a bacteria that has nearly taken her life and for a government that over the years failed to protect the public. I am not sure they will feel the same after they read Jane Zhang’s article in this mornings Wall Street Journal – “Nestlé Unit Denied FDA Requests.” Here are excerpts:
The Nestlé USA plant at the center of a federal probe into an E. coli outbreak involving cookie dough refused to give inspectors access to pest-control records, environmental-testing programs and other information, according to newly released inspection reports covering the past five years.
In a September 2006 visit, for example, managers at the Danville, Va., plant refused to allow a Food and Drug Administration inspector to review consumer complaints or inspect its program designed to prevent food contamination. The inspector found dirty equipment and "three live ant-like insects" on a ledge but nothing severe enough to give the plant a failing grade.
A year earlier, officials at the Nestlé plant presented another FDA inspector with a list of things it wouldn't do. "Among these are the refusal to review the firm's consumer complaint file, refusal to permit photography, refusal to sign affidavits or receipts and refusal to provide specific information on interstate commerce," the inspector wrote.
Companies aren't required to show those records to FDA inspectors and Nestlé's practice isn't out of line with the rest of the food industry, FDA and industry officials said.
When will companies realize that it really is a bad idea to poison customers? When will government realize that standing up for consumers is the right thing to do? And, when will us taxpayers realize that we need to compel our lawmakers to pass laws and regulations, and then to spend the money necessary to protect the public?
Lindsay Phillips, age 18, consumed Nestle cookie dough on several occasions in early May 2009. On May 11, 2009, Lindsay began to suffer from severe lower abdominal pain accompanied by profuse diarrhea that turned bloody. After Lindsay’s symptoms failed to subside, on May 13, 2009 her mother took her to the emergency room (“ER”). Initially diagnosed with dysentery, she was treated and given a prescription for antibiotics and anti-cramping medication and instructed to return if her symptoms did not improve or worsened. Lindsay returned home after the ER visit, but her symptoms continued to worsen. She returned to the ER a short time later and was admitted to the hospital for further evaluation. During her hospitalization a stool sample was obtained and cultured. It ultimately tested positive for E. coli O157:H7, and was later determined to match the strain of E. coli O157:H7 associated with the Nestle cookie dough outbreak. On May 16, 2009, Lindsay was discharged from the hospital and taken home to continue her recovery. Cause No. C09-05337RBL
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| Nestlé Toll House Cookie & Brownie Dough Product Description | Consumer Unit Code (UPC) |
|---|---|
|
COOKIE & BROWNIE DOUGH BAR |
|
|
Chocolate Chip bar 16.5oz |
0 50000 62231 3 |
| Chocolate Chip bar 16.5oz | 0 50000 11308 8 |
| Chocolate Chunk bar 16.5oz | 0 50000 62235 1 |
| Walnut Chocolate Chip bar 16.5oz | 0 50000 62233 7 |
| Jumbo Chocolate Chip bar 16.5oz | 0 50000 62237 5 |
| Oatmeal Raisin bar 16.5oz | 0 50000 06219 5 |
| Sugar Cookies bar 16.5oz | 0 50000 62244 3 |
| Sugar Cookies bar 16.5oz | 0 5000012178 6 |
| Mini Chocolate Chip bar 16.5oz | 0 50000 62242 9 |
| Mini Chocolate Chip bar 16.5oz | 0 5000012188 5 |
| Mini Brownie Bites bar 16oz | 0 50000 62227 6 |
| Fudgy Brownie With Peanut Butter Filling 19oz | 0 50000 00820 9 |
|
COOKIE DOUGH TUB |
|
| Chocolate Chip tub 40oz | 0 50000 62246 7 |
| Chocolate Chip tub 80oz (5 lb) | 0 50000 00934 3 |
| Sugar tub 40oz. | 0 50000 62253 5 |
| Gingerbread tub 40oz | 0 50000 44060 3 |
| Peanut Butter tub 40oz | 0 50000 44062 7 |
|
TUBE (CHUB) DOUGH |
|
| Chocolate Chip tube 16.5oz | 0 50000 62239 9 |
| Chocolate Chip tube 32oz | 0 50000 00400 3 |
|
ULTIMATES COOKIE BAR DOUGH |
|
| Ultimates Peanut Butter Cups, Chips & Chocolate Chunks bar 16oz | 0 50000 00922 0 |
| Ultimates White Chip Macadamia Nut bar 16oz | 0 50000 00923 7 |
| Ultimates Chocolate Chip & Chunks with Pecans bar 16oz | 0 50000 00925 1 |
| Ultimates Chocolate Chip Lovers 16oz | 0 50000 00926 8 |
| Ultimates Turtles bar 16oz | 0 50000 00928 2 |
| Ultimates Peanut Butter Lovers bar 16oz | 0 50000 00507 9 |
| Ultimates Chocolate Chip with Caramel Filling bar 16oz | 0 50000 44066 5 |
| Ultimates Chocolate Chip with Chocolate Filling bar 16oz | 0 50000 44069 6 |
|
SEASONAL COOKIE & BROWNIE DOUGH |
|
| Valentine Hearts Sugar Cookie Shapes 15.5oz | 0 50000 12009 3 |
| Valentine Swirled Chocolate Chip bar 16oz | 0 50000 00931 2 |
| Fudgy Brownies With Raspberry Filling 19oz | 0 50000 20090 0 |
| Easter Eggs Sugar Cookie Shapes 15.5oz | 0 50000 52009 1 |
| Easter Swirled Chocolate Chip bar 16oz | 0 50000 00932 9 |
| Easter Swirled Mini Brownie Bites bar 18 oz | 0 50000 20093 1 |
| Red, White & Blue Swirled Choc Chip bar 16oz | 0 50000 00937 4 |
| Halloween Pumpkin Pals Sugar Cookies 13.5oz | 0 50000 06217 1 |
| Halloween Swirled Chocolate Chip bar 16oz | 0 50000 00929 9 |
| Halloween Swirled Fudgy Brownies bar 18oz | 0 50000 00088 3 |
| Christmas Shapes Sugar Cookies 15.5oz | 0 50000 00505 5 |
| Christmas Swirled Chocolate Chip bar 16oz | 0 50000 00930 5 |
| Christmas Swirled Fudgy Brownies bar 18oz | 0 50000 00089 0 |
| Limited Edition Mint Swirled Chocolate Chip 16oz | 0 50000 00827 8 |
|
DISCONTINUED VARIETIES |
|
| Valentine Hearts Sugar Cookies 13.5oz | 0 50000 44056 6 |
| Easter Brownie Bar 18oz | 0 50000 00518 5 |
| Easter Bunnies Sugar Cookies 13.5oz | 0 50000 44058 0 |
| Halloween Sugar Shapes 15.5oz | 0 50000 00829 2 |
| Christmas Sugar Cookie Tube 16oz | 0 50000 00448 5 |
| Oatmeal Cranberry Cookie Tub 48 oz. | 0 50000 62229 0 |
Still in Atlanta at the National Environmental Health Association Conference on my way home (or not) in a few hours. In between doing a mock deposition of a Health Inspector, I had time to talk to California, Minnesota and Oregon press about the state of Food Poisonings - specifically E. coli:
By Matt McKinney, Star Tribune
No one really wants to meet Bill Marler, a food safety lawyer from Seattle, because those who do are likely A) critically sickened by contaminated food and in need of legal help, or B) responsible for selling the food.
Yet there seems to be no shortage of people who know Marler after several high-profile food illness outbreaks in recent years from spinach, tomatoes, frozen pizza, peanut butter, hamburger meat and, last week, Nestlé Tollhouse cookie dough. He has a national practice, but has had several cases in Minnesota recently, including several in which he's sued Cargill on behalf of clients such as the 10-year-old girl from Mahtomedi who became seriously ill in December after eating hamburger contaminated with E. coli O157:H7.
Marler rose to prominence during the Jack in the Box E. coli outbreak of 1993. He maintains multiple food-related blogs while crisscrossing the country to speak about food safety. He's supportive of federal legislation winding its way through Congress that would require more inspections of food plants and give more authority to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to order food recalls, among other things. Marler, who's often quoted saying that he wishes food companies would put him out of business, also says that people must learn how to properly handle risky foods while companies must own up to the risks inherent in their products.
Marler's reaction to the Nestlé Tollhouse cookie dough outbreak: "It's almost un-American."
Ill girl's Highlands Ranch family sues over dough
By Jennifer Brown, The Denver Post
The lawsuit is the first in Colorado related to the outbreak and follows one filed Monday in California by an 18-year-old woman. Both cases were filed by William Marler, a Seattle attorney who specializes in food-safety cases.
It's unknown how this E. coli strain, one usually found in cattle manure, could have gotten into dough, but Marler speculated there could have been a contaminated ingredient, such as flour.
"That's pretty remarkable that it found its way into cookie dough," the attorney said. "A lot of Americans tend to eat cookie dough raw. It's pretty well-known, certainly in the industry, that people do consume cookie dough in that way."
Nestle ready to apologize to sickened Gresham teen
By Lynne Terry, The Oregonian
With the investigation under way, a Seattle attorney filed a second lawsuit against Nestle USA on Tuesday. The first, filed Monday, was on behalf of an 18-year-old California woman who was hospitalized for seven days after eating Nestle cookie dough, said attorney Bill Marler, who specialized in foodborne illness cases.
Tuesday's suit, filed in Colorado, concerns a 6-year-old girl who was hospitalized twice after eating cookie dough. She developed a type of kidney failure associated with E. coli O157:H7 known as hemolytic uremic syndrome, which often brings lifelong complications such as dialysis.
Nestle's labels carry warnings not to eat raw dough, but Marler brushed them off as insufficient to protect consumers.
"The warning issue is not very relevant, especially in light of the fact in that all the reported literature on what consumers do with cookie dough is that they eat it raw," Marler said. "The reality is that Nestle knew or should have known that their consumers were consuming that product raw and that they were handling it raw."
Another lawsuit filed in cookie dough E. coli scare
By Matt Tomsic, Danville Register & Bee
William Marler is one of the attorneys representing the child, Madison Sedbrook. He works for Marler Clark, a firm that represents victims of food poisoning.
According to Marler’s blog, Sedbrook, 6, ate the cookie dough several times in April. The Denver-area child developed flu-like symptoms and kept eating the cookie dough into May, when she developed ab-dominal cramps, fever and bloody diarrhea. Sedbrook was admitted to the hospital and released before being taken back.
She developed hemolytic uremic syndrome, a type of kidney failure that can be fatal. Doctors tested the genetic fingerprint of Sedbrook’s illness and compared it to the fingerprint of the nationwide outbreak of E. coli that may be linked to eating raw cookie dough. The two prints matched.
An E. coli lawsuit was filed today on behalf of a Denver-area child who became gravely ill with E. coli O157:H7 after eating refrigerated Nestle Toll House cookie dough. The lawsuit was filed on behalf of the family of Madison Sedbrook by her attorneys, William Marler of the Seattle-based foodborne illness law firm Marler Clark and Kara Knowles of the Denver firm Montgomery, Little, Soran, & Murray.
Six-year-old Madison ate Nestle Toll House refrigerated cookie dough several times in mid-April, 2009. She began to experience flu-like symptoms including fatigue, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Not knowing the source of her illness, she continued to eat Nestle cookie dough, and by the first week of May, she had abdominal cramps, fever, and bloody diarrhea. Over the next several weeks, the family sought medical care several times for Madison’s illness, which deepened in severity. She was admitted to the hospital and then released before being rushed back and admitted to pediatric intensive care. It was determined that Madison had hemolytic uremic syndrome, or HUS, a complication of her E. coli infection, which was not diagnosed until her second hospital stay. The genetic fingerprint of the E. coli O157:H7 found in her stool matches that of the nationwide outbreak tied to cookie dough.
“This child – and this family – have been through a terrible ordeal, not the least of which is how many times they sought care before E. coli was detected,” said Marler, who spoke from the National Environmental Health Association (NEHA) convention.. “In order to detect and limit foodborne illness outbreaks, we have to make changes in our healthcare system; doctors and emergency health providers need to be encouraged to test for foodborne pathogens any time these symptoms – especially bloody diarrhea - are present.”
On Monday, the CDC released updated information on the nationwide outbreak, which now encompasses 70 ill in 30 states. Thirty people have been hospitalized, and 7 have developed HUS. Almost seventy percent of the victims are female and under the age of 19. Nestle USA has voluntarily recalled the product, and stopped production at the facility that made it and are cooperating with FDA and CDC to pinpoint the cause.
“State health departments did a great job of getting to the bottom of this outbreak, and getting the word out,” continued Marler. “But more resources are needed to speed the process up. Every day saved means dozens, maybe hundreds of families spared the Sedbrook family experience.”
ABOUT MARLER CLARK: William Marler has been a major force in food safety policy in the United States and abroad. His food safety blog, Marler Blog, is read by over 1,000,000 people around the world every year. He and his partners at Marler Clark have represented thousands of individuals in claims against food companies whose contaminated products have caused serious injury and death. His advocacy for better food regulation has led to invitations to address local, national, and international gatherings on food safety, including recent testimony to US Congress Committee on Energy and Commerce. In 1998, Mr. Marler formed the not for profit, Outbreak Inc. He spends much of the year speaking on how to prevent foodborne illnesses.
According to the CDC, 70 persons infected with a strain of E. coli O157:H7 with a particular DNA fingerprint (Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis - PFGE) have been reported from 30 states. Ill persons range in age from 2 to 65 years; however, 66% are less than 19 years old; 75% are female. Thirty persons have been hospitalized, 7 developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Interestingly, this PFGE pattern has been seen on PulseNet before with over 300 being seen in last four years.
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Of 70 linked in this outbreak, 41 have been confirmed by an advanced DNA test (likely MLVA, or Multiple Loci VNTR Analysis) as having the outbreak strain; these confirmatory test results are pending on the others. Most patients reported eating refrigerated prepackaged Nestle Toll House cookie dough products raw.
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The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Arizona (2), California (3), Colorado (5), Connecticut (1), Delaware (1), Georgia (1), Hawaii (1), Iowa (2), Illinois (5), Kentucky (3), Massachusetts (4), Maryland (2), Maine (3), Minnesota (6), Missouri (2), Montana (1), North Carolina (2), New Hampshire (2), New Jersey (1), Nevada (2), Ohio (3), Oklahoma (1), Oregon (1), Pennsylvania (2), South Carolina (1), Texas (3), Utah (2), Virginia (2), Washington (5), and Wisconsin (1).
We have been contacted by over a dozen culture-confirmed cases in the last few weeks. We filed suit yesterday in California on behalf of and 18 year old young woman hospitalized for seven days and will be filing this morning on behalf of a Colorado 6 year old who developed HUS - acute kidney failure.
A young woman who was hospitalized for seven days after eating raw cookie dough made by Nestle USA filed suit today against the company in California Superior Court, San Mateo County. The lawsuit was filed on behalf of 18-year-old Jillian Collins by her attorneys, William Marler of the Seattle-based foodborne illness law firm Marler Clark and Terry O’ Reilly of the San Mateo firm O'Reilly Collins.
San Mateo resident Jillian Collins ate uncooked Nestle Toll House cookie dough in late May, 2009. On May 26, she fell ill with painful abdominal cramps and diarrhea that soon turned bloody. Her symptoms worsened to the point where she sought urgent care. She was later admitted to the hospital, where tests revealed that she was infected with E. coli O157:H7. The genetic fingerprint of her test matched that of the outbreak strain which has infected 65 people in 29 states to date.
This outbreak is an example of how virulent E. coli bacteria can be, and how many people can be affected when it enters the national food supply, Nestle USA is a company with a good food safety record, and they worked very quickly to get a voluntary recall of the product started. But even that isn’t enough for those who were sickened in this outbreak. It points to how vigilant we need to be in our food safety regulation and oversight.
The first announcement about the multi-state outbreak was made on Thursday, June 18 by the Colorado Department of Health and Environment (CDPHE), warning consumers about consuming the uncooked Nestle Toll House cookie dough product, and revealing that more than sixty were confirmed ill in 28 states. It wasn’t until late Friday, June 19 that the CDC released their outbreak information, which updated the totals to 65 ill in 29 states.
Nestle has stopped production at the Virginia facility that produced the cookie dough. Everyone I talk to is stumped by how a bacteria normally associated with cattle feces made its way into the facility, and then into such a highly processed product. We may not solve that mystery; what we can do is work to prevent this type of event from happening again. The way to do that is better food safety surveillance – and that comes down to legislation and funding.
Between speaking at the American College of Trial Lawyers in Minnesota on Friday, visiting on Saturday with a young dancer who now is confined to a wheelchair because of an E. coil O157:H7-tainted hamburger, and seeing an Ohio family today who lost their seven-year-old daughter to E. coli O157:H7, I am a bit tired and saddened, but determined. I am now in Atlanta for the National Environmental Health Association Convention. Tomorrow too we are also launching both a lawsuit and an investigation in how nearly 70 of our fellow citizens were sickened by E. coli O157:H7-contaminated cookie dough. Click on below to download complaint:
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The average E. coli O157:H7 victim without hospitalization will spend at least $1,000 in medical expenses and loose a week’s wages. For those hospitalized, medical bills can run from $10,000 to $100,000 in a very short time period. Those families whose children develop HUS, bills can push well into $1M depending on the severity of the illness. If the HUS is severe, future complications – including kidney transplant can add untold millions.
Nestle should step up now and pay E. coli 0157:H7 culture-positive victims’ medical bills and lost wages.
Without assistance in the form of monetary compensation for medical expenses and lost wages, many of the families with members in the hospital will face financial hardship in the coming months when the bills start coming in. Nestle should do the right thing and begin compensating victims of this outbreak for those most basic needs now. Of course, Nestles will still be responsible for the costs of long-term medical care for victims, but it is better to step up now.
This is not as odd as it might sound. Other companies like Dole, Odwalla, ConAgra and Jack in the Box willingly paid medical bills and wage loss when their products were identified as the source of E. coli outbreaks. Nestles knows it’s going to pay those medical expenses in the end in the form of a settlement or jury verdict. The question is, since they know their product was the cause of these illnesses, why wait?
In other news:
New York Times - Nestlé Cookie Dough Is Recalled
Bill Marler, a food-safety lawyer, scoffed at that statement.
“Those three words do not constitute an adequate warning,” Mr. Marler said, “and Nestlé should not be blaming their victims for doing what everyone in America does, and that is to eat and handle cookie dough before it’s cooked.”
Reuters - Raw Cookie Dough: So Tasty, So Dangerous
The outbreak "points to the need for better funding for health surveillance," said lawyer Bill Marler, who sues food companies for a living. Oddly quoting himself on his blog, Marler wrote that the " 'fact that this outbreak was not detected until more than sixty people were ill in 28 states is precisely why we urgently need increased funding for the agencies responsible for public health,' said Marler. 'From the CDC to state and local health agencies, many dedicated people are working hard to protect consumers from tainted food, but they just don't have enough resources to do the job we ask of them.
Washington Post - Nestlé Recall Leaves A Mystery in Its Wake
William Marler, a prominent food safety lawyer in Seattle who is representing six of the E. coli O157 victims, said Nestlé's warning label is not a defense. "It doesn't absolve them of liability," he said.
ABC - Nestle Voluntarily Recalls Raw Cookie Dough
Bill Marler, an attorney focused on food poisoning cases with the law firm Marler Clark, said he recently noticed that this season's cases of E. coli did not look like others.
"Summer season is high season for E. coli cases -- normally you'd expect them to be related to hamburger consumption," Marler told ABCNews.com on Friday. "So we started tracking cases in May and June, and not very many of them had hamburger consumption."
Still, cookie dough "was certainly not on the list of things we've asked them," Marler said, adding that he is "surprised" the possible contamination may have occurred in such a "highly processed product."
"We're now going back and getting all the health department records on the people who contacted us over the last three months to see if they match this outbreak," Marler said.
The Blount Daily Times reports on yet another death caused by E. coli O157:H7 and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) – this time it is eight-year-old Joseph Coning. I received an email tonight from his devastated family.
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Just a few weeks ago, seven-year-old Abby Fenstermaker died of E. coli O157:H7 and HUS in Ohio. I will be meeting with yet another anguished family on Father’s Day.
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When will it stop?
I was reviewing the 300 plus claims amounting to over $300,000,000 that companies and individuals have filed against the Peanut Corporation of America and found a claim for $601,506.96 by Stewart Parnell - No, really, the Stewart Parnell - the guy who took the 5th in front of Congress. I need to stop being amazed by what people do.
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Ray Reed of the Lynchburg News and Advance reported today that “[c]laims totaling $202 million had been filed Thursday against the Peanut Corporation of America in U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Lynchburg, as next Monday’s deadline for filing claims approached."
He continued:
Among the claims were eight involving deaths attributed to a nationwide salmonella outbreak that was traced to PCA plants in Blakely, Ga., and Plainview, Texas, according to the Centers for Disease Control. PCA was headquartered in suburban Lynchburg, on Wiggington Road in Bedford County. Its president, Stewart Parnell, asserted his Fifth Amendment rights and refused to answer questions during appearances this year before Congress and in U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Lynchburg.
The Marler Clark law firm in Seattle, Wash., filed the death claims, each of which seeks $10 million for the victims’ estate or relatives. Marler Clark also had filed 86 [actually 87] claims of $1 million each for people who said they were sickened by salmonella. Another claim was being filed Thursday, said William Marler, a principal in the firm….
The CDC said a total of 714 illnesses nationwide were caused by the strain of salmonella identified in the PCA plants, and nine of those victims died.
CDC just today published its 2006 data on Foodborne Disease Outbreaks. Here is the Report - no wonder I have been so busy:
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Foodborne illnesses are a major health burden in the United States. Most of these illnesses are preventable, and analysis of outbreaks helps identify control measures. Although most cases are sporadic, investigation of the portion that occur as part of recognized outbreaks can provide insights into the pathogens, food vehicles, and food-handling practices associated with foodborne infections. CDC collects data on foodborne disease outbreaks (FBDOs) from all states and territories through the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (FBDSS). This report summarizes epidemiologic data on FBDOs reported during 2006 (the most recent year for which data have been analyzed). A total of 1,270 FBDOs were reported, resulting in 27,634 cases and 11 deaths. Among the 624 FBDOs with a confirmed etiology, norovirus was the most common cause, accounting for 54% of outbreaks and 11,879 cases, followed by Salmonella (18% of outbreaks and 3,252 cases). Among the 11 reported deaths, 10 were attributed to bacterial etiologies (six Escherichia coli O157:H7, two Listeria monocytogenes, one Salmonella serotype Enteritidis, and one Clostridium botulinum), and one was attributed to a chemical (mushroom toxin). Among outbreaks caused by a single food vehicle, the most common food commodities to which outbreak-related cases were attributed were poultry (21%), leafy vegetables (17%), and fruits/nuts (16%). Public health professionals can use this information to 1) target control strategies for specific pathogens in particular foods along the farm-to-table continuum and 2) support good food-handling practices among restaurant workers and the public.
State, local, and territorial health departments voluntarily submit reports of FBDOs using a web-based standard form to the electronic Foodborne Outbreak Reporting System (eFORS). An FBDO is defined as the occurrence of two or more cases of a similar illness resulting from the ingestion of a common food. Information regarding clinical syndromes, incubation period, and laboratory testing for various etiologic agents is available to guide reporting officials.* Officials report an etiology as either confirmed (at least one etiologic agent found) or suspected (based on clinical and epidemiologic information). Analysis was limited to FBDOs with a single etiology (i.e., suspected or confirmed). Food vehicles are food items linked to illnesses by an outbreak investigation. CDC classifies the foods vehicles implicated in outbreak reports into the following 17 food commodities: fish, crustaceans, mollusks, dairy, eggs, beef, game, pork, poultry, grains/beans, oils/sugars, fruits/nuts, fungi, leafy vegetables, root vegetables, sprouts, and vegetables from a vine or stalk.
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During 2006, public health officials reported a total of 1,270 FBDOs from 48 states. A confirmed or suspected single etiologic agent was indentified in 884 (70%) FBDOs (621 confirmed and 263 suspected), accounting for 22,510 (81%) cases. The number of outbreaks reported by each state or territory ranged from zero to 76. The median rate was 0.21 (range: zero to 1.3) per 100,000 population. For seven states (Hawaii, Maine, Minnesota, North Dakota, Oregon, Vermont, and Wisconsin), the rate of reporting was greater than three times the median. Rates of reported outbreaks varied markedly by etiology group. Among the 621 outbreaks (with 18,111 cases) with a confirmed single etiologic agent, 343 (55%) outbreaks and 11,981 (66%) cases were caused by viruses, 217 (35%) outbreaks and 5,781 (32%) cases were caused by bacteria, 52 (8%) outbreaks and 219 (1%) cases were caused by chemical agents, and nine (1%) outbreaks and 29 (1%) cases were caused by parasites. Calicivirus caused 337 (98%) of the confirmed FBDOs attributed to viruses; all calicivirus outbreaks reported in 2006 were attributed to norovirus. Salmonella, the most commonly reported bacterial etiologic agent, caused 112 (52%) of the confirmed FBDOs attributed to bacteria; Salmonella serotype Enteritidis caused the most outbreaks (28 [13%]). Shiga toxin--producing E. coli (STEC) caused 29 (13%) of confirmed FBDOs attributed to bacteria, of which 27 were serogroup O157.
Eleven multistate outbreaks, defined as outbreaks in which exposures occurred in more than one state, were detected; 10 of these were attributed to bacteria. One attributed to chemical agents was transmitted by baked goods contaminated by a floor sealant (11 cases). Four of the bacterial outbreaks were attributed to E. coli O157, of which three were transmitted by leafy vegetables (395 cases) and one was transmitted by beef (44 cases). Four were attributed to Salmonella, of which two were transmitted by tomatoes (307 cases), one by peanut butter (715 cases), and one by fruit salad (41 cases). An outbreak of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections was transmitted by oysters (177 cases). An outbreak attributed to C. botulinum toxin was transmitted by carrot juice (four cases).
Public health officials identified a food vehicle in 528 (42%) FBDOs, of which 243 (46%) outbreaks with 6,395 (50%) cases were classified as having ingredients belonging to only one of the 17 commodities. Among the 243 outbreaks attributed to a single commodity, the most outbreaks were attributed to fish (47 outbreaks), poultry (35 outbreaks), and beef (25 outbreaks), and the most cases were attributed to poultry (1,355 cases), leafy vegetables (1,081 cases), and fruits/nuts (1,021 cases). Pathogen-commodity pairs responsible for the most outbreak-related cases were Clostridium perfringens in poultry (902 cases), Salmonella in fruits/nuts (776 cases), norovirus in leafy vegetables (657 cases), STEC in leafy vegetables (398 cases), Salmonella in vine-stalk vegetables (331 cases), and V. parahaemolyticus in mollusks (223 cases).
Although the dairy commodity accounted for only 3% of single commodity outbreak-related cases (16 outbreaks and 193 cases), 71% of dairy outbreak cases were attributed to unpasteurized (raw) milk (10 outbreaks and 137 cases). A wide range of bacterial pathogens were associated with unpasteurized milk outbreaks, including Campylobacter (six outbreaks), STEC O157 (two outbreaks), Salmonella (one outbreak), and Listeria (one outbreak), resulting in 11 hospitalizations and one death.
The largest outbreaks with a known etiology and single food commodity were attributed to baked chicken contaminated with C. perfringens (741 cases), peanut butter contaminated with Salmonella (714 cases), and spinach contaminated with E. coli O157 (238 cases). In the spinach outbreak, 31 persons developed hemolytic uremic syndrome, and five died, including a child. The contaminated spinach was traced back to a single farm, where the outbreak strain was isolated from nearby cattle feces and feral swine feces.
Boulder County Public Health just published this report:
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NPR Joanne Silberner interviewed Peter Hurley, father of three-year-old Jacob Hurley, who was poisoned by Salmonella-tainted peanut butter for Morning Edition, June 10, 2009 · Congress is taking the first step toward major changes in monitoring the safety of the nation's food supply. The broad plan is to give more money and power to an agency that has come under a lot of criticism in recent years — the Food and Drug Administration.
Listen Here.
On September 15, 2008, Ingham County Health Department (ICHD) was notified that nine students of Michigan State University (MSU) were seen in the emergency department over the weekend with gastrointestinal symptoms of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody diarrhea. Lab cultures had confirmed that at least two of them were positive for E. coli O157:H7. The ICHD then launched an investigation with help from the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH), and both the United States & Michigan Department of Agriculture (MDA).
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Over the ensuing days it became clear that the outbreak was not limited to MSU. While at MSU, the reported number of E. coli O157:H7 cases had risen to 18 (3 confirmed, 15 probable), there were also a reported 12 cases at Lenawee County Jail (5 confirmed, 7 probable). In fact, by September 29, a total of 26 confirmed cases of E. coli O157:H7 with the same genetic fingerprint had been reported to MDCH, from eight Michigan counties. Additionally, nine individuals in Illinois and three from the Province of Ontario had also been identified with the same genetic strain of E. coli O157:H7.
By this point, there was also strong epidemiological evidence linking the outbreak to institutional size, bagged iceberg lettuce. Two separate case-control studies had been conducted by MDCH at MSU and the Illinois Department of Public Health, and both implicated iceberg lettuce as the source of contamination. As a result, the MDA coordinated a traceback investigation of iceberg lettuce and found that the common supplier of all iceberg lettuce to MSU, the Lenawee County Jail, a restaurant in Illinois, as well as other foodservice locations identified by ill individuals, was Fresh-Pak Inc., distributed under the name, “Aunt Mid’s.”
The MDA subsequently conducted product and environmental sample testing at Aunt Mid’s. Though the tests did not find E. coli, testing was on current products, not on products from the outbreak timeframe. Lettuce from the outbreak timeframe was not available for testing during the investigation due to the perishable nature of the product.
Meanwhile, the toll of people affected by the E. coli O157:H7 outbreak had increased. By October 3rd, Michigan had identified 34 cases in nine counties with the same PFGE pattern by two enzymes. This included: nine students from MSU (Ingham County), five inmates at the Lenawee County Jail, three students at the University of Michigan and one in Washtenaw County, five in Macomb County, five in Wayne County, three in Kent County, and one each in St. Clair, Oakland, and Genesee Counties. The onset dates of symptoms of these confirmed genetically linked E. coli O157:H7 patients ranged from September 8 to 19.
The epidemiological investigation by MDA, which had already identified Aunt Mid’s as the common supplier of iceberg lettuce, soon revealed the likely origin of the contamination Using illness dates, ship dates, and delivery dates, the MDA was able to narrow the origin to California. The California Department of Public Health then assisted the investigation by surveying 15 possible supplier farms. By October 10, Michigan and California had both traced the lettuce supplied to the initial cases to Santa Barbara Farms in Santa Barbara, California.
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This outbreak was clearly linked to Ready Pac lettuce served in Taco Bell restaurants in the northeastern United States. As of December 14, 2006, Thursday, 71 persons with illness associated with the Taco Bell restaurant outbreak have been reported to CDC from 5 states: New Jersey (33), New York (22), Pennsylvania (13), Delaware (2), and South Carolina (1). States with Taco Bell restaurants where persons confirmed to have the outbreak strain have eaten are New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. (The patient from South Carolina ate at a Taco Bell restaurant in Pennsylvania). Other cases of illness are under investigation by state public health officials. Among these 71 ill persons, 53 (75%) were hospitalized and 8 (11%) developed a type of kidney failure called hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Illness onset dates have ranged from November 20 to December 6.
Cases in 52 of the 71 patients are confirmed, meaning that the patients’ E. coli O157:H7 strains have the outbreak “DNA fingerprint.” E. coli O157 strains are routinely “DNA fingerprinted” at public health laboratories in all states as part of PulseNet (the network of public health laboratories that sub-type bacteria). E. coli O157 strains from other cases are being tested by PulseNet. As a result of testing by PulseNet, cases with the outbreak strain “fingerprint” pattern are being re-classified as confirmed cases, and cases with an unrelated “fingerprint” pattern are being dropped from the outbreak case count.
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I. THE OUTBREAK
On October 2, 2008, the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) issued a report linking an outbreak of Campylobacter illnesses to unpasteurized milk from Alexandre Eco Farms Dairy. The report was the result of an investigation commenced on July 14, 2008, when Dr. Thomas Martinelli, the County Health Officer for Del Norte County, California reported four cases of laboratory confirmed Campylobacter infections and five additional cases of diarrhea in Del Norte County residents. Eight of the original nine sick individuals were members of the Alexandre Eco Farms “cow-leasing” program. Eight of these individuals had consumed milk produced on the farm. The ninth sick individual worked with cattle on the Alexandre Eco Farms Dairy. One of the eight individuals who were sick, Mari Tardiff, had already been hospitalized with GBS, following the onset of acute gastroenteritis after consumption of the milk.
As part of the investigation, health department officials retrieved a refrigerated carton of partially consumed Alexandre Eco Farms milk from Mari Tardiff’s home. Mari had consumed a portion of the milk before her illness. The specimen tested positive for Campylobacter jejuni DNA using a test called polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Testing indicated that multiple strains of Campylobacter jejuni were present in the milk. Del Norte County officials eventually identified 16 cases of Campylobacter jejuni associated with the outbreak. Fifteen of those were persons who consumed milk from Alexandre Eco Farms Dairy. The 16th case was the farm employee. CDPH and Del Norte county officials concluded that “the available epidemiologic and laboratory data support the conclusion that this cluster of acute diarrheal illness in Del Norte County was an outbreak of C. jejuni infections caused by consumption of unpasteurized milk from [Alexandre Eco Farms Dairy.]”
The causal link between Alexandre Eco Farms Dairy and Mari’s illness was so clear, and her injuries so remarkable, that the physicians that treated her published a report on her case in the medical journal. “Investigation of the First Case of Guillain-Barre Syndrome Associated with Consumption of Unpasteurized Milk – California, 2008.” Amy K. Earon, T. Martinelli, W. Miller, C. Parker, R. Mandrell, D. Vugia. The authors explained the laboratory methods used in investigating Mari’s illness:
We reviewed the patient’s medical record and interviewed her husband to assess her symptoms and exposures. We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to test a six-week old unpasteurized milk sample, obtained from the cow leasing-program and partially consumed by the patient, for genes encoding the bacterial membrane component lipooligosaccharide (LOS) in GBS-associated Campylobacter jenuni.
In addition to the DNA testing, the authors also tested Mari’s blood for anti-bodies to GBS. The authors then explained that the PCR and MLST testing of the milk detected Campylobacter jejuni gene. In addition, the blood test was positive for anti-bodies that indicated the presence of GBS. The authors concluded, “Combined laboratory and epidemiologic evidence established the first reported association between GBS and unpasteurized milk consumption.”
II. MARI TARDIFF’S ILLNESS
On the weekend after Mari drank raw milk, she developed flu-like symptoms, including diarrhea and vomiting. By Thursday, June 12, the food poisoning was overwhelming her body with an amazingly swift force. First her vision blurred. Then her hands went numb. Mari went to an emergency room, and there lab work was done and abdominal X-rays were taken. But doctors could not determine what was wrong. On Friday, Peter took Mari to a neurologist. An MRI was normal but the doctor and radiologist mentioned a frightening possibility – Guillain-Barré syndrome, or GBS, a potentially fatal inflammatory disorder.
Hours later Mari’s legs were on fire, searing with pain that, ironically, only hot water helped to soothe. Her legs hurt so much that she soon retreated to bed, wrapping her legs in warm towels and a heating blanket. During that night, Mari awoke and realized she could not move. Peter bear-hugged her to lift her to the toilet and then carried her back to bed. In the early hours of the morning, he called for help, which led to an ambulance ride to the small Sutter Coast Hospital, and then a medivac flight to the Intensive Care Unit at the larger, better-equipped Rogue Valley Medical Center (RVMC) in Medford, Oregon. She remained hospitalized for two and one-half months.
Mari was moved to Redding Rehabilitation Hospital and was finally able to come home on November 1, 2008. Today, Mari lives in her family room, which now is equipped with a hospital bed, portable toilet, a Hoyer lift and a stand-up frame, all purchased by the Tardiffs. Using their own resources, they also renovated a downstairs half-bath and laundry room into a handicapped-accessible bathroom and shower. The Tardiffs pay two nurses $10.50 an hour to care for Mari from 7:30 A.M. until 7:00 P.M. five days a week while Peter is at work. Home health physical and occupational therapists also come to the house five days a week.
Mari works very hard at therapy but it is a slow, painful process. Peter has found it so upsetting that he no longer can watch. Every improvement is celebrated, but he knows how much discomfort and frustration goes into each minute, regained movement. Mari may never walk again. She lost her job, she lost her dreams and plans that she held dear. The illness has been a long, arduous journey for Mari, her family and friends, and while she has made progress, there remains a long way to go.
READ MORE ON CAMPYLOBACTER AND GULLAIN BARRE SYNDROME
Continue Reading...I spend a lot of time trying to convince companies why it is a bad idea to poison their customers - either suing them through Marler Clark or educating them through Outbreak Inc.
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Educating consumers is also something we all need to do for ourselves. We need to pay attention to what we consume. However, in our search for knowledge about what may be good for us, shouldn't we expect that the manufacturers and sellers of our food be fair and unbiased about the risks of consuming the food they sell us?
Warning Labels - the "Holy Grail" of manufacturers and sellers. Many manufacturers and sellers think that a warning label saves them from their customer (or the customer's child) from suing them if the product in fact has a defect - in the case of food - a pathogen that can sicken or kill. But, a warning label is a "double-edged sword." If you are too honest - "the product may contain E. coli, Listeria or Campylobacter - consume this product and it may kill you" - that might be bad for sales? Too vague and what do you get?
What do you think about Organic Pastures' warning label? Real or Imaginary? Perhaps it is just best to keep the shit out.
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California Code of Regulations
Title 17. Public Health
Division 1. State Department of Health Services
Chapter 5. Sanitation (Environmental)
Subchapter 2. Foods and Drugs
Article 3.7. Raw Milk and Raw Milk Products
S 17:11380. Required Health Warning on Labels of Raw Milk and Raw Milk Products.
(a) Raw Milk and raw milk products shall bear the following warning on the principal display panel or panels of the label:
WARNING
Raw (unpasteurized) milk and raw milk dairy products may contain disease-causing micro-organisms. Persons at highest risk of disease from these organisms include newborns and infants; the elderly; pregnant women; those taking corticosteroids, antibiotics or antacids; and those having chronic illnesses or other conditions that weaken their immunity.
'Raw milk product' means any food which contains raw milk, and shall include, but not be limited to, cheese (except when ripened or cured at least 60 days pursuant to sections 37975 and 38001 Food & Agric. of the Food and Agricultural Code), cream, butter and kefir.
Hmm, I wonder if Organic Pasture's Warnings are sufficient?
KFC E. coli Outbreak – Ohio - 1999
In late July of 1999, Ohio public health officials began receiving reports that patients at local hospitals were suffering from E. coli O157:H7 infections. By August 2, 1999, fifteen cases had been confirmed, and through investigative interviews the Ohio Department of Health learned that eleven of those fifteen people had eaten foods purchased from KFC restaurants in southwestern Ohio counties in the week before becoming ill.
Marler Clark represented a woman who became ill with an E. coli infection and hemolytic uremic syndrome after eating foods purchased from a Cincinnati KFC restaurant. She was hospitalized for nearly a month with acute renal failure and other life-threatening complications and nearly died twice. As a result of her E. coli O157:H7 infection, the woman suffered permanent and irreversible injury to her kidneys, pancreas, heart, lungs, and brain. Her claim was resolved in 2001.
ConAgra Ground Beef E. coli Outbreak – Nationwide (including Ohio) - 2002
On June 30, 2002, the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) announced the recall of 354,200 pounds of ground beef manufactured at the ConAgra Beef Company plant in Greeley, Colorado. The contaminated ground beef had been produced at the plant on May 31, thirty days prior to the recall, and was distributed nationally to retailers and institutions. On July 19, 2002, FSIS expanded the ConAgra ground beef recall to 18.6 million pounds of ground beef. In the weeks that followed the nationwide recall, more than 45 people in 23 states reported illnesses linked to the contaminated ground beef.
Marler Clark represented 23 victims of the ConAgra E. coli outbreak, which led to at least 46 illnesses and one death. Among the victims was the death of an Ohio childcare worker, a Colorado security officer who was battling forest fires, and young children in Colorado, Nebraska, and South Dakota. Several of them were hospitalized with hemolytic uremic syndrome, a frightening complication of E. coli O157:H7 infection that can lead to kidney failure and neurological impairment. Their claims were resolved in 2004.
Nebraska Beef E. coli Outbreak – Nationwide (including Ohio) - 2008
On August 8, 2008 Nebraska Beef recalled an additional 1.2 million pounds of meat after a cluster of Boston illnesses was traced to Whole Foods, whose processor, Coleman Natural Meats, purchased the meat from Nebraska Beef. As many as 30 illnesses are reported in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Mexico, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Canada.
On August 14, Nebraska Beef added another 160,000 pounds to the recall, bringing the total to 1.36 million pounds. Numerous stores and supermarkets have initiated voluntary recalls. 49 confirmed cases have been linked both epidemiologically and by molecular fingerprinting to the first part of this outbreak, 21 in Michigan and 20 in Ohio, 4 in Georgia, and one each in New York, Kentucky, Indiana, and Utah. Onset of illness in these patients occurred from 5/27/08 to 7/1/08. Twenty-seven ill persons have been hospitalized. One patient has developed a type of kidney failure called hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Kroger initiated a voluntary recall on June 27, but did not name their meat supplier.
Marler Clark filed the first lawsuit stemming from the outbreak on the morning of June 30. Late that night, the FSIS announced that the tainted meat had been traced back to Nebraska Beef Products, and a recall of 531,707 pounds of ground beef products was initiated. On July 2, the Kroger recall widened to 20 states. On July 3, the Nebraska Beef recall was widened to include 5.3 million pounds.
E. coli O157:H7 is one of hundreds of strains of the bacterium Escherichia coli. Most strains of E. coli are harmless and live as normal flora in the intestines of healthy humans and animal. The E. coli bacterium is among the most extensively studied microorganism. The combination of letters and numbers in the name of the E. coli O157:H7 refers to the specific markers found on its surface and distinguishes it from other types of E. coli. The testing done to distinguish E. coli O157:H7 from its other E. coli counterparts is called serotyping. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (“PFGE”), sometimes also referred to as genetic fingerprinting, is used to compare E. coli O157:H7 isolates to determine if the strains are distinguishable.
E. coli O157:H7 was first recognized as a pathogen in 1982 during an investigation into an outbreak of hemorrhagic colitis associated with consumption of hamburgers from a fast food chain restaurant. Retrospective examination of more than three thousand E. coli cultures obtained between 1973 and 1982 found only one isolation with serotype O157:H7, and that was a case in 1975. In the ten years that followed there were approximately thirty outbreaks recorded in the United States. This number is likely misleading, however, because E. coli O157:H7 infections did not become a reportable disease in any state until 1987 when Washington became the first state to mandate its reporting. As a result, only the most geographically concentrated outbreak would have garnered enough notice to prompt further investigation.
The virulence of E. coli O157:H7 is a result of its ability to produce Shiga-like toxins. It has been theorized that generic E. coli picked up this deadly ability through horizontal transfer of virulence genes from the Shigella bacteria. Genome sequencing of E. coli O157:H7 has since confirmed that gene transfer did in fact occur, and that the evolution of ever more virulent forms of bacteria will likely continue to occur. The CDC has emphasized the prospect of emerging pathogens as a significant public health threat for some time.
Foods of a bovine origin are the most common cause of both outbreaks and sporadic cases of E. coli O157:H7 infections. Surveys performed on feedlots have demonstrated that cattle can be infected with E. coli O157:H7 through close contact, and under muddy conditions. The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 among cattle in these feed lots can reach 63-100%, especially during the summer. The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in the summer, which is when outdoor grilling of hamburgers becomes most common, is a significant public safety risk.
According to a recent study, an “estimated 73,480 illnesses due to E. coli O157:H7 infections occur each year in the United States, leading to an estimated 2,168 hospitalizations and sixty-one deaths annually.” The hemorrhagic colitis caused by E. coli O157:H7 is characterized by severe abdominal cramps, diarrhea that typically turns bloody within twenty-four hours, and sometimes fevers. The typical incubation period—which is to say the time from exposure to the onset of symptoms—in outbreaks is usually reported as three to eight days. Infection can occur in people of all ages but is most common in children. The duration of an uncomplicated illness can range from one to twelve days. In reported outbreaks, the rate of death is 0-2%, with rates running as high as 16-35% in outbreaks involving the elderly, like those at nursing homes.
What makes E. coli O157:H7 truly and decidedly dangerous is its very low infectious dose, and how relatively difficult it is to kill these bacteria. Unlike Salmonella, for example, which usually requires something approximating an “egregious food handling error, E. coli O157:H7 in ground beef that is only slightly undercooked can result in infection.” As few as twenty organisms have been said to be sufficient to infect a person and, as a result, possibly kill them. And unlike generic E. coli, the O157:H7 serotype multiplies at temperatures up to 44 degrees Fahrenheit, survives freezing and thawing, is heat resistant, grows at temperatures up to 111 degrees Fahrenheit, resists drying, and can survive exposure to acidic environments.
And, finally, to make it even more of a dangerous threat, E. coli O157:H7 bacteria are easily transmitted by person-to-person contact. There is also the serious risk of cross-contamination between raw meat and other food items intended to be eaten without cooking. Indeed, a principle and consistent criticism of the USDA E. coli O157:H7 policy is the fact that it has failed to focus on the risks of cross-contamination versus that posed by so-called improper cooking. With this pathogen, there is ultimately no real margin of error, and the cost of error can be death. It is for this precise reason that the USDA has repeatedly rejected calls from the meat industry to hold consumers responsible for E. coli O157:H7 surviving after cooking.
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
E. coli O157:H7 infections can lead to a severe, life-threatening complication called hemolytic uremic syndrome (“HUS”). HUS accounts for the majority of the acute and chronic illness and death caused by the bacteria. HUS occurs in 2-7% of victims, primarily children, with onset five to ten days after diarrhea begins. It is the most common cause of renal failure in children. Approximately half of the children who suffer HUS require dialysis, and at least 5% of those who survive have long-term renal impairment. The same number suffers severe brain damage. While somewhat rare, serious injury to the pancreas, resulting in death or the development of diabetes can also occur. There is no cure or effective treatment for HUS. And, tragically, as too many parents can attest, children with HUS too often die.
HUS develops when the toxin from the bacteria, known as Shiga-like toxin (“SLT”), enters the circulation through the inflamed bowel wall. SLT, and most likely other chemical mediators, attach to receptors on the inside surface of blood vessel cells (endothelial cells) and initiate a chemical cascade that results in the formation of tiny thrombi (blood clots) within these vessels. Some organs seem more susceptible, perhaps due to the presence of increased numbers of receptors, and include the kidney, pancreas, and brain. By definition, when fully expressed, HUS presents with the triad of hemolytic anemia (destruction of red blood cells), thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), and acute renal failure (loss of kidney function).
As already noted, there is no known therapy to halt the progression of HUS. HUS is a frightening complication that even in the best American centers has a notable mortality rate. Among survivors, at least five percent will suffer end stage renal disease (“ESRD”) with the resultant need for dialysis or transplantation. But, “[b] ecause renal failure can progress slowly over decades, the eventual incidence of ESRD cannot yet be determined.” Other long-term problems include the risk for hypertension, proteinuria (abnormal amounts of protein in the urine that can portend a decline in renal function), and reduced kidney filtration rate. Since the longest available follow-up studies of HUS victims are 25 years, an accurate lifetime prognosis is not really available and remains controversial. All that can be said for certain is that HUS causes permanent injury, and it requires a lifetime of close medical monitoring.
References
Continue Reading...In the first major hamburger recall since 2002, on June 9, 2007, United Food Group voluntarily expanded its June 3 and 6 recalls to include a total of approximately 5.7 million pounds of both fresh and frozen ground beef products produced between April 6 and April 20 because it was contaminated with E. coli O157:H7, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service announced.
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An investigation carried out by the California Department of Health Services and the Colorado Department of Health, in coordination with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, preceded the recall of June 3. Illnesses occurred in Arizona (6), California (3), Colorado (2), Idaho (1), Utah (1) and Wyoming (1). Illness onset dates ranged between April 25 and May 18.
Four of those illnesses were children who developed Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS).
Their stories, like the stories of other victims of HUS linked to hamburger consumption, began with that all-American past time of eating a hamburger then lead to an acute illness where death was a real possibility. Now, it is a lifetime of risk of kidney failure.
We have been able to settle three of the four HUS cases. It will be interesting to see what a jury says about the other case. See some of the client videos to see what these families have experienced.
Since the Jack in the Box E. coli Outbreak of 1993, I have been involved in every E. coli Outbreak and have represented the most seriously injured cases. There have been far too many deaths.
* AFG / Supervalu E. coli Outbreak - Minnesota
* AgVenture Farms Petting Zoo E. coli O157:H7 Outbreak Litigation - Florida
* Aunt Mid’s Lettuce E. coli outbreak - Michigan, Illinois, and Ontario
* Bauer Meat E. coli Litigation - Georgia
* BJ’s Wholesale Club E. coli Litigation - New York and New Jersey
* Captain’s Galley Seafood Restaurant E. coli Outbreak - North Carolina
* Cargill E. coli Outbreak - Nationwide
* Carneco / Sam’s Club E. coli Outbreak - Wisconsin & Michigan
* CCC Alternative Learning Daycare E. coli Outbreak - Texas
* China Buffet E. coli Outbreak - Minnesota
* ConAgra Ground Beef E. coli Outbreak - Nationwide
* Country Cottage Restaurant E coli O111 Outbreak - Oklahoma
* Crossroads Farm Petting Zoo E. coli Outbreak - North Carolina
* Dee Creek Farm E. coli Outbreak - Washington & Oregon
* Dole Lettuce E. coli Outbreak - Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Oregon
* Dole Spinach E. coli Outbreak - Nationwide
* Emmpak E. coli Outbreak - Wisconsin
* Excel E. coli Outbreak - Georgia
* Finley Elementary School E. coli Outbreak - Washington
* Flanders Provision Co. E. coli Outbreak - Colorado, Nationwide
* Forest Ranch Fire Department Fundraiser E. coli Outbreak - California
* Fresno Meat Market E. coli Outbreak - California
* Gold Coast Produce E. coli Outbreak - California
* Golden Corral E. coli Outbreak - Nebraska
* Habaneros E. coli Outbreak - Missouri
* Interstate Meat E. coli O157:H7 Outbreak - Oregon, Washington & Idaho
* Ixtapa Mexican Restaurant E. coli outbreak - Washington State
* Jack in the Box E. coli Outbreak - Western States
* Jimmy John’s Gourmet Sandwiches E Coli Outbreak - Colorado
* Karl Ehmer Meats E. coli Outbreak – New Jersey
* KFC E. coli Outbreak - Ohio
* Kid’s Korner Daycare E. coli Outbreak - Missouri
* Kindercare E. coli Outbreak - California
* King Garden Restaurant E. coli Outbreak - Ohio
* Lane County Fair E. coli Outbreak - Oregon
* Nebraska Beef E. coli Litigation - Minnesota
* Nebraska Beef E. coli Outbreak - Nationwide
* Odwalla E. coli Outbreak - Western States
* Olive Garden E. coli Outbreak - Oregon
* Organic Pastures E. coli Outbreak - California
* Parsley E. coli Outbreak - Washington & Oregon
* Peninsula Village E. coli Outbreak - Tennessee
* PM Beef Holdings, Lunds & Byerly’s E. coli Outbreak - Minnesota
* R & S Meats E. coli Cases - New York
* Robeson Schools E. coli Outbreak - North Carolina
* Robinswood Pointe Senior Living Facility E. coli Outbreak - Washington
* Rochester Meat Company E. coli Outbreak - Wisconsin, California
* S & S Foods - Goshen Boy Scout Camp E. coli Outbreak - North Carolina
* Sizzler E. coli Outbreak - Wisconsin
* Sodexho Spinach E. coli Outbreak - California
* Spokane Produce E. coli Outbreak - Washington, Oregon, Idaho
* Stop & Shop E. coli Case - New Hampshire
* Taco John’s E. coli Outbreak – Iowa and Minnesota
* Topps and Price Chopper E. coli Case - New York
* Topps Meats E. coli Outbreak - Nationwide
* Totino’s and Jeno’s Pizza E. coli Outbreak
* United Food Group E. coli Outbreak - Western States
* Valley Meats E. coli Outbreak - Ohio, Illinois, Pennsylvania
* Washington County Fair E. coli Outbreak - New York
* Wendy’s E. coli Outbreak - Oregon
* Wendy’s E. coli Outbreak - Utah
* White Water Water Park E. coli Outbreak - Georgia
One of the "good news, bad news" of sleeping few hours at odd times is that jet lag has very little impact on you. It is 11:36 PM here in "jolly olde England" and 3:26 PM in Seattle, Folks at the office are about to head to the Starbucks (they are on every block here in London). Me, I made a few last minute changes to my PowerPoint for the morning.
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From the MMWR Today - Since February 1, a total of 228 cases have been reported from 13 states: Nebraska (110 cases), Iowa (35), South Dakota (35), Michigan (18), Kansas (eight), Pennsylvania (seven), Minnesota (five), Ohio (three), Illinois (two), West Virginia (two), Florida (one), North Carolina (one), and Utah (one) (Figure 2). Patients range in age from <1 year to 85 years (median: 29 years); 69% are female. Among patients with available information, 4% reported being hospitalized. No deaths have been reported.
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On February 24, 2009, the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services identified six isolates of Salmonella serotype Saintpaul with collection dates from February 7--14. Salmonella Saintpaul is not a commonly detected serotype; during 2008, only three Salmonella Saintpaul isolates were identified in Nebraska. This report summarizes the preliminary results of the investigation of this outbreak, which has identified 228 cases in 13 states and implicated the source as alfalfa sprouts produced at multiple facilities using seeds that likely originated from a common grower. On April 26, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and CDC recommended that consumers not eat raw alfalfa sprouts, including sprout blends containing alfalfa sprouts, until further notice. On May 1, FDA alerted sprout growers and retailers that a seed supplier was withdrawing voluntarily from the market all lots of alfalfa seeds with a specific three-digit prefix.
For this investigation, a case was defined as illness in a person whose stool culture on or after February 1, 2009, yielded Salmonella Saintpaul with the outbreak strain pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns (XbaI JN6X01.0072, JN6X01.0252, JN6X01.0340, JN6X01.0709, JN6X01.0712, JN6X01.0718, or JN6X01.0719). During January 1, 2008 to January 31, 2009, only four cases of the outbreak strain of Salmonella Saintpaul were identified by PulseNet.
By March 19, a total of 186 cases had been identified in Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska, and South Dakota. Of the 156 patients with completed interviews, 114 (73%) reported alfalfa sprout consumption.
In mid-April, 42 additional case-patients with onset of illness beginning after March 15 were identified from Florida, Iowa, North Carolina, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Utah, and West Virginia. At least 20 of these case-patients reported recently eating sprouts. Alfalfa sprouts eaten by these case-patients were traced back to growing facilities in Michigan, Minnesota, and Pennsylvania that received seed lots identified with prefix 032 from Caudill Seed Company. Alfalfa sprout irrigation water collected on March 10 from a growing facility in Wisconsin grew Salmonella Saintpaul indistinguishable from the outbreak strain. These sprouts also were grown from a seed lot identified with prefix 032 received from Caudill Seed Company. No human illnesses have been linked to the Wisconsin facility. Preliminary findings indicate that the implicated seed lots were sold in many states and might account for a large proportion of the alfalfa seeds that were being used by sprout growers during this outbreak.
We presently have nearly a dozen clients from several states. Four Lawsuits have been filed.
As much as any other victim of the 2006 Dole Spinach Outbreak, Suzanne Bandy’s case is about the staggering contrast between past and present. When asked for her thoughts, Suzanne wrote of her first 57 years: “very simply, my life embodied the American Dream.” Suzanne’s former life is, however, gone for good. Now, she states, “I pray to God every day that I may wake up from this horrible nightmare and return to the life that I loved.”
Sadly, Suzanne’s prayers will never be answered. The E. coli O157:H7 infection, along with the resulting hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), that she suffered in September 2006 devastated her kidneys. Consequently, her current renal function—measured roughly a year after her acute illness—is nearing a level where either a kidney transplant or lifelong dialysis will be necessary for survival. It is forecast that Suzanne will reach end stage renal disease in as little as five years.
Mr. President, this could have happened to you too. E. coli O157:H7, as you will see from this video, is a very nasty bug.
Today we amended our complaint on behalf of “Daniel Krim, 49, [who] became ill after eating alfalfa sprouts on a turkey sandwich he purchased from a La Vista restaurant in late February. His flu-like symptoms worsened, forcing him to go to the emergency room at Midlands Hospital in Papillion. Days later, his doctor confirmed he had been infected with the Salmonella St. Paul strain, according to his lawsuit, filed last week in Sarpy County District Court.”
According to Leia Baez of the Omaha World-Herald, “Krim is suing CW Sprouts, Inc., whose SunSprouts products were linked to the outbreak in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, Colorado and South Dakota. He also is suing Caudill Seed and Warehouse Co. of Louisville, Ky., the company that manufactured and sold alfalfa sprout seeds to CW Sprouts."
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OK, it is 2:00 AM and the power is out after a wind a rain and storm on Bainbridge Island. Fortunately, my laptop has batteries and I have a wireless card. I am also wondering where my passport is since I leave for Canada in 12 hours. But, hopefully the morning will find it – somewhere.
So, I was reading up on the recent pronouncements about Swine Flu (politically correct H1N1 virus) and kept bumping into Dr. Richard Besser, acting head of CDC. Doing a little research on him at 2:00 AM uncovered this article about his research into an E. coli O157:H7 outbreak linked to unpasteurized apple juice, two years before the outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 linked to Jack in the Box restaurants. There began my connection.
Back to unpasteurized juice – Interesting to note that the CONCLUSIONS below show how we learn – a bit slowly – to protect ourselves from the next outbreak by actually investigating and learning from past outbreaks. Goes to show why surveillance of foodborne illness outbreaks is so important in preventing the next one. Now, if only we can do the same with the Flu.
Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes hemorrhagic colitis and the hemolytic uremic syndrome. In the fall of 1991, an outbreak of E coli O157:H7 infections in southeastern Massachusetts provided an opportunity to identify transmission by a seemingly unlikely vehicle. Case-control study to determine the vehicle of infection. New England cider producers were surveyed to assess production practices and determined the survival time of E coli O157:H7 organisms in apple cider. Illness was significantly associated with drinking one brand of apple cider. Thirteen (72%) of 18 patients but only 16 (33%) of 49 controls reported drinking apple cider in the week before illness began (odds ratio [OR], 8.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8 to 39.7). Among those who drank cider, 12 (92%) of 13 patients compared with two (13%) of 16 controls drank cider from cider mill A (lower 95% CI, 2.9; P < .01). This mill pressed cider in a manner similar to that used by other small cider producers: apples were not washed, cider was not pasteurized, and no preservatives were added. In the laboratory, E coli O157:H7 organisms survived for 20 days in unpreserved refrigerated apple cider. Addition of sodium benzoate 0.1% reduced survival to less than 7 days.
CONCLUSIONS--Fresh-pressed, unpreserved apple cider can transmit E coli O157:H7 organisms, which cause severe infections. Risk of transmission can be reduced by washing and brushing apples before pressing, and preserving cider with sodium benzoate. Consumers can reduce their risk by only drinking cider made from apples that have been washed and brushed.
During October 1996, an outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections among Connecticut residents occurred. An epidemiologic investigation included enhanced surveillance and a case-control study. Clinical isolates of Escherichia coli O157:H7 were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Implicated cider samples were analysed by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Consumption of implicated cider was associated with illness; (matched odds ratio = undefined, 95 % confidence interval = 3.5-infinity). Ultimately, a total of 14 outbreak-associated patients were identified. All isolates analysed by PFGE yielded the outbreak-associated subtype. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was not cultured from three cider samples; PCR analysis detected DNA fragments consistent with Escherichia coli O157:H7 in one. This outbreak was associated with drinking one brand of unpasteurized apple cider. PFGE subtyping supported the epidemiologic association. PCR analysis detected microbial contaminants in the absence of live organisms.
CONCLUSIONS - Washing and brushing apples did not prevent cider contamination.
Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections have traditionally been associated with animal products, but outbreaks associated with produce have been reported with increasing frequency. In fall 1996, a small cluster of E. coli O157:H7 infections was epidemiologically linked to a particular brand (brand A) of unpasteurized apple juice. To define the extent of the outbreak, confirm the source, and determine how the apple juice became contaminated. Descriptive epidemiologic study and traceback investigation. Western United States and British Columbia, Canada. Patients with E. coli O157:H7 infection who were exposed to brand A apple juice. Clinical outcome and juice exposure histories of case-patients, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of case and juice isolates, and juice production practices. Seventy persons with E. coli O157:H7 infection and exposure to brand A unpasteurized apple juice were identified. Of these persons, 25 (36%) were hospitalized, 14 (20%) developed the hemolytic uremic syndrome, and 1 (1%) died. Recalled apple juice that was produced on 7 October 1996 grew E. coli O157:H7 with a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern indistinguishable from that of case isolates. Apple juice produced on 7 October 1996 accounted for almost all of the cases, and the source of contamination was suspected to be incoming apples. Three lots of apples could explain contamination of the juice: Two lots originated from an orchard frequented by deer that were subsequently shown to carry E. coli O157:H7, and one lot contained decayed apples that had been waxed.
CONCLUSIONS - Standard procedures at a state-of-the-art plant that produced unpasteurized juices were inadequate to eliminate contamination with E. coli O157:H7. This outbreak demonstrated that unpasteurized juices must be considered a potentially hazardous food and led to widespread changes in the fresh juice industry.
My connection, I represented most of the hemolytic uremic syndrome cases in the Jack in the Box E. coli Outbreak and the "Commercial" (a.k.a Odwalla) E. coli Outbreak. Well, I wish Dr. Besser well and I hope I find my passport.
My guess is that Cinco de Mayo is Lou Dobbs favorite holiday. I know, he seems to make such a big deal about those damn "illegal immigrants," but he knows that you can count on one hand how many foodborne illness outbreaks have been caused by imported Mexican, or for that matter any imported foreign food product. The bottom line is that US Corporations do a wonderful job of poisoning our own citizens.
However, in the flavor of the day, here is a list of foodborne illness outbreaks linked to Mexican food - most which was prepared and served in the USA.
Multistate Outbreak of E. coli O157 Infections linked to Taco Bell - Eastcoast
This outbreak was clearly linked to Taco Bell restaurants in the northeastern United States. As of 12 PM (ET) December 14, 2006, Thursday, 71 persons with illness associated with the Taco Bell restaurant outbreak have been reported to CDC from 5 states: New Jersey (33), New York (22), Pennsylvania (13), Delaware (2), and South Carolina (1). States with Taco Bell restaurants where persons confirmed to have the outbreak strain have eaten are New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. (The patient from South Carolina ate at a Taco Bell restaurant in Pennsylvania). Other cases of illness are under investigation by state public health officials. Among these 71 ill persons, 53 (75%) were hospitalized and 8 (11%) developed a type of kidney failure called hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Illness onset dates have ranged from November 20 to December 6. California Lettuce.
Habaneros E. coli Outbreak – Missouri
In late August of 2003, staff in the Communicable Disease (CD) section at the St. Clair County Health Department (SCCHD) conducted a foodborne outbreak investigation and found that of 64 persons, including seven employees, who had eaten at Habaneros between August 15, 2003 and September 5, 2003, thirty (47%) reported having diarrheal symptoms; ten sought medical care. An extensive food consumption history was obtained from each person interviewed, but no specific food-item was statistically associated with illness. Five individuals were laboratory-confirmed with E. coli O157:H7. All five ate at Habaneros on either August 23 or August 24. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of the five isolates obtained from culture-confirmed patients revealed that all five had an indistinguishable PFGE pattern, indicating that they were infected with the same strain of E. coli O157:H7. On September 18, IDPH received a report that E. coli O157:H7 had been cultured from a sample of pico de gallo obtained from Habaneros.
Taco John’s E. coli Outbreak – Iowa and Minnesota
In December 2006, Iowa and Minnesota health officials investigated an E. coli O157:H7 outbreak among patrons at Taco John’s restaurants in Ceder Falls, Iowa, and Albert Lea and Austin, Minnesota. As of December 13, 2006, the Iowa Department of Health had confirmed that at least 50 Iowans had become ill with E. coli infections after eating at Taco John’s, and the Minnesota Department of Health had confirmed that at least 27 Minnesotans were part of the outbreak. Lettuce was grown in California
Chi-Chi’s Hepatitis A Outbreak – Pennsylvania
In late October of 2003, Pennsylvania health officials learned of a potential hepatitis A outbreak from emergency room doctors treating patients in Beaver County. The Beaver County Health Department (BCHD) and Pennsylvania Department of Health (PDOH) began investigating the apparent outbreak, and learned through interviews that all case patients had eaten at the Chi Chi’s restaurant at the Beaver Valley Mall in the weeks before becoming ill. PDOH, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), conducted an epidemiological study of the outbreak, and determined that green onions imported from Mexico were the source of the outbreak. The FDA issued a statement dated December 9, 2003, affirming that this outbreak was associated with eating raw or undercooked green onions.
Ultimately, over 650 confirmed cases of hepatitis A, both primary and secondary, were linked to consumption of green onions at the Beaver Valley Mall Chi-Chi’s. The victims included at least 13 employees of the restaurant, and numerous residents of six other states. Four people died as a consequence of their hepatitis A illness. In addition, more than 9,000 people who had eaten at the restaurant during the period of potential exposure, or who had been exposed to ill Chi-Chi’s customers, obtained immune globulin shots to prevent hepatitis A infection.
Chili’s Salmonella Outbreak – Illinois
In late June of 2003, the Lake County Health Department (LCHD) was contacted by health care providers who had treated patients for Salmonellosis, and customers who had experienced a diarrheal illness after eating at the Vernon Hills, Illinois, Chili’s Grill & Bar. LCHD sent investigators to inspect the restaurant for food safety violations. During the inspection, investigators discovered:
- The restaurant’s dishwashing machine was broken and corroded; the tube that fed chlorine into the machine was plugged, preventing proper sanitization of dishes. Employees told investigators that the machine had not worked properly for at least a week;
- Food was not stored at proper temperatures in the cooler;
- Three employees and a manager had called in sick that day with flu-like symptoms.
LCHD continued to receive reports of Salmonella infection from local hospitals and restaurant patrons throughout the next several days. During the course of investigating the outbreak, investigators discovered that thirteen employees had been allowed to work despite suffering from diarrhea and other symptoms, and learned that Chili’s had operated despite having no water for part of one day, and no hot water for at least one full day. Food safety regulations require that hot water be available at all times during a restaurant’s operation.
In mid-July, LCHD concluded its investigation, and reported that over 300 individuals had been sickened as a result of consuming contaminated food at a Chili’s. Of those, 141 customers and 28 employees had tested positive for Salmonella, while 105 other infected individuals met the LCHD’s definition of a probable case. LCHD issued a preliminary report that concluded the outbreak was caused by infected employees who contaminated food with Salmonella as a result of poor sanitary practices and improper food-handling.
Viva Cantaloupe Salmonella Outbreak – Nationwide
On May 25, 2001 the FDA issued a press release warning consumers that Viva brand imported cantaloupe had been identified as the source of a Salmonella poona outbreak. FDA stated that the cantaloupe had been sold by S.P.R. De R.I. Legumbrera San Luis and S.P.R. De R.I. Los Arroyoas of Mexico and imported by Shipley Sales Service of Nogales, Arizona. Illnesses associated with the consumption of the contaminated cantaloupe had been identified in Arizona, California, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Oregon, Tennessee, and Washington State. The cantaloupe was sold in retail stores and restaurants and possibly served in health care facilities. FDA detained all cantaloupe imported by Shipley Sales Service and took steps to prevent the importation of any additional contaminated cantaloupe. FDA outbreak investigators determined that 50 residents of California (28), Washington (8), Nevada (7), Arizona (6), and Oregon (1) had become ill with a genetically indistinguishable strain of Salmonella poona during the outbreak. Nine patients were hospitalized and two died.
Senor Felix 5-Layer Dip Shigella Outbreak - Western States
On January 5, 2000, Public Health – Seattle & King County issued a notice to Washington residents that three people had been confirmed ill with Shigella infections after eating five-layer dip manufactured by Senor Felix Gourmet Mexican Foods and sold under several brand names. Two other cases were pending confirmation in Washington, and more illnesses had been reported in California and Oregon. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a nationwide warning regarding the contaminated dip on January 27, 2000, and announced that 49 cases of Shigellosis associated with the consumption of Senor Felix dips had been reported in California, Oregon, and Washington; five patients had been hospitalized. Health officials ultimately identified 406 people with Shigella infections who had eaten the dip in the week prior to illness. Cases were reported in ten states. An environmental investigation of the processing facility revealed numerous problems with manufacturing practices and quality control at the Senor Felix facility.
Viva Mexico Shigella Outbreak – California
In October of 2000, the California Department of Health Services (CDHS) was notified that several Redwood City, California, residents had become ill with confirmed Shigella infections. San Mateo County Communicable Disease Control staff conducted a case-control study, and learned that there was a statistically significant association between consuming the salsa prepared at Viva Mexico and illness. CDHS conducted an environmental assessment of the restaurant on October 24, noting multiple food code violations, and San Mateo County sanitarians closed the restaurant. Violations cited included:
- No soap in the women’s restroom;
- No sanitizer on the premises;
- On site thermometer was reading temperatures 10°F off;
- Improper cooling of foods – meat, poultry, and beans – with core temperatures from 50-70°F after 18 hours of cooling;
- Cross contamination of foods – meat residue on knives used to cut produce.
When the outbreak investigation was complete, CDHS had identified 221 people who had eaten at Viva Mexico between October 19 and October 24 and had become ill with Shigella infections. Seventy people were culture-confirmed with Shigella, and one person died as a result of her illness.
On October 22, The General Communicable Disease Control Branch (GCDC) of North Carolina was contacted by a guest and family member of the bride to report an outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by E. coli O157:H7, associated with a catered wedding reception held in Raleigh on October 13, 2007. GCDC reported the call to Communicable Disease nurse staff at the Wake County Human Services Department (WCHS) and offered to assist with their investigation.
The wedding reception was held at the Exploris Museum in Raleigh and was catered by Triangle Catering. 110 wedding guests were invited to attend, and staff who worked the even were allowed to consume leftover food items.
27 people report a diarrheal illness with onset between October 13-24, 2007. Two people were hospitalized. One patient in New York reportedly has acute renal failure, and is considered an HUS case by the State of New York. The State of North Carolina Health Department concluded that:
"It does seem more likely than not the outbreak occurred because of exposures to food items served at the wedding reception that were contaminated with E. coli O157:H7. "
All cases were recently settled.
In late April 2008, San Diego County health officials announced that a number of Hepatitis A (HAV) infections had been traced to a Chipotle Grill restaurant in La Mesa, California, near San Diego. Officials advised customers who had eaten at the restaurant between March 1 and April 22 that they might be at risk for infection. As of early May, more than twenty people who ate at the La Mesa restaurant have tested positive for HAV infection. Several of those victims contacted Marler Clark for assistance with their cases. All claims have been settled.
Hepatitis A is a food borne virus that can be passed by infected food handlers to consumers. The virus attacks the liver, and symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, dark urine, fever, chills, fatigue, body aches, loss of appetite, and later on, jaundice. In extreme cases, liver failure can result. The virus has a long incubation period, and symptoms may not appear for fifteen to fifty days.
I think a "Market Withdraw" is like being "a little pregnant." But, it is not a Recall - or, is it?
The FDA just reported that preliminary epidemiology regarding the ongoing outbreak of illness from Salmonella Saintpaul in people who had eaten alfalfa sprouts was shared with the supplier of the seeds associated with illness. Based on this information the seed supplier made the decision to voluntarily withdraw from the market all of the alfalfa seeds bearing six digit lot numbers that start with “032.”
All seeds involved in this market withdrawal came from Italy. The seeds are in 50-pound white bags that are either paper or woven from a synthetic material, and the lot numbers in question begin with “032,” followed by a hyphen and three more digits. The bags carry a computer-generated white or yellow label, on which is printed “Distributed by Caudill Seed Company., 1402 W. Main St., Louisville KY 40203” and the lot number.
FDA has no evidence that alfalfa seeds from other lots, or sprouts grown from them, are affected by this market withdrawal. Retailers, restaurateurs, and personnel at other food-service facilities should ask their suppliers to verify that the alfalfa sprouts or seeds being provided do not come from an affected lot before buying or serving them. Suppliers who can verify that their products were not sourced from the affected lots may wish to notify their customers; likewise, retailers, restaurateurs, and food-service facilities who have verified the sources of their alfalfa products may wish to notify their customers.
Seeds from the affected lots, lot numbers beginning with 032, and sprouts grown from them, should be safely discarded, as should other products that contain the sprouts, such as sprout blends. Growers who have used seeds from the potentially contaminated lots should clean all equipment and other surfaces that came into contact with them. They should also safely discard any water that came into contact with the sprouts, and disinfect receptacles or equipment that came into contact with the water.
We have already filed three lawsuits against the sprouters. It looks like soon they will have company in the litigation.
The CDC reports that since mid-March, 35 persons infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Saintpaul have been reported from 7 states. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Michigan (17), Minnesota (4), Ohio (3), Pennsylvania (6), South Dakota (2), Utah (1), and West Virginia (2). Cases are still being reported, and possible cases are in various stages of laboratory testing, so illnesses may be reported from other states. No deaths have been reported. State and local authorities, CDC, and FDA have linked this outbreak to eating alfalfa sprouts. Most of those who became ill reported eating raw alfalfa sprouts. Some reported eating sprouts at restaurants; others purchased sprouts at the retail level.
The initial investigation has traced the contaminated raw alfalfa sprouts to multiple sprout growers in multiple states. This suggests a problem with the seeds used, as well as the possible failure of the sprout growers involved to appropriately and consistently follow the FDA Sprout Guidance issued in 1999. The guidance recommends an effective seed disinfection treatment immediately before the start of sprouting (such as treating seeds in a 20,000 parts per million calcium hypochlorite solution with agitation for 15 minutes) and regularly testing the water used for every batch of sprouts for Salmonella and E coli O157:H7.
This outbreak appears to be an extension of an earlier outbreak in 2009. In February and March, an outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul infections occurred in Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota. This outbreak was linked to raw alfalfa sprouts produced at a single facility, and the outbreak strain was indistinguishable from that of the more recently reported cases. CDC is also currently working with public health officials in several states and FDA to investigate an outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes infections linked with eating alfalfa sprouts.
So, where did the seeds come from, and why not a recall of seeds?
In June of 2007, United Food Group, LLC (UFG) recalled 5.7 million pounds of ground beef products after a joint investigation into an E. coli O157:H7 outbreak by Colorado and California health officials in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) led to the conclusion that UFG ground beef was the source of the outbreak. The California Department of Health Services, Colorado Department of Health, and CDC reported 14 illnesses associated with the outbreak: 6 in Arizona, 3 in California, 2 in Colorado, 1 in Idaho, 1 in Utah, and 1 in Wyoming.
Marler Clark filed suit against United Food Group (UFG) on June 14, 2007 on behalf of a four-year-old California child who became ill with E. coli O157:H7 and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) after eating UFG ground beef. The firm represented several other families who were impacted by the UFG ground beef E. coli O157:H7 outbreak and recall, including three others who developed HUS. In total, Marler Clark represented nine cases. To date, eight have been settled.
On July 7, 2007, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”) learned that two siblings in Texas were critically ill with botulism and that their illnesses were likely acquired by eating contaminated food. Four days later on July 11, public health officials in Indiana reported to the CDC that a married couple in Indiana were suspected of having foodborne botulism. On July 17, CDC staff provided information regarding the production-dates and times to the FDA. The evidence strongly suggested that brands of Castleberry’s hot dog chili sauce were the common source of the four ill persons with botulism. By August 24, eight cases of botulism had been reported to the CDC. In addition to the Indiana couple, the mother of the children in Texas had developed symptoms of botulism, which brought the total number of Castleberry-associated cases in Texas to three. There were also three unrelated residents of Ohio who had developed botulism consuming Castleberry’s hot dog chili sauce in the week before symptom onsets. Botulinum toxin was identified in leftover chili sauce collected from the refrigerator belonging to one of the Ohio cases.
On July 18 and 19, a team of federal investigators were sent to the firm’s warehouse. Samples of Castleberry’s Austex and Castleberry’s brand Hot Dog Chili Sauce with the “best by May 7, 2009” and “best by May 8, 2009” lot codes were collected and sent to FDA laboratories for testing. FDA testing of sample 428113, consisting of 17 swollen cans, found C. Botulinum toxin in 16 of the cans. This sample included the same time-stamp and lot code from the May 8, 2007 production as the can found in the Indiana home. FDA testing of sample 420352, consisting of six swollen cans, found C. Botulinum in four cans. FDA sample 420353 included one swollen can, and its contents tested positive for C. Botulinum toxin.
Federal investigators conducted extensive tests on Castleberry equipment. The findings are presented in an FDA report issued on August 10, 2007. Report below (click to download):
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In 2007 Public health officials from several states collaborated to determine the source of the outbreak, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) officially announced that a Salmonella serotype I 4,5,12:i:-* outbreak had been traced to the consumption of ConAgra pot pies on October 9th. At the time, ConAgra did not initiate a recall.
The CDC report summarized the results of the investigation, which determined that 401 cases of salmonellosis occurred in 41 states during 2007, with 32% of ill persons hospitalized. In October 2007 the illnesses were finally associated with consumption of Banquet® brand frozen, not-ready-to-eat pot pies. Further investigation determined that 77% of patients who ate these pies cooked them in microwave ovens and that consumer confusion regarding microwaving instructions might have resulted in a failure to cook the product properly.
I was reading the CDC’s MMWR article – “Outbreak of Shiga Toxin--Producing Escherichia coli O157 Infection Associated with a Day Camp Petting Zoo --- Pinellas County, Florida, May--June 2007” and it struck me how humans seem nearly incapable of learning for the past. We have been tracking this ongoing problem for years now and built www.fair-safety.com as a resource for the Fair and Petting Zoo Industry. But, they seem to be slow learners.
According to the CDC, during 1991--2005, the CDC received reports of 32 outbreaks of E. coli O157:H7 that were associated with animals in public settings. Among these, venues in certain outbreaks were not in compliance with NASPHV guidelines, with reported inadequate handwashing facilities, permitted consumption of food or drink in animal areas, unsupervised handwashing, and no signage. During 2006--2008, five E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks related to animal settings were reported (CDC, unpublished data, 2009). NASPHV guidelines include recommendations on handwashing, venue design, animal care and management, risk communication, and oversight needed for animals in public settings.
The article was reported by: KA Alelis, MPH, PE Borkowski, Pinellas County Health Dept; P Fiorella, PhD, J Nasir, J Middaugh, MD, C Blackmore, DVM, Florida Dept of Health. J Keen, DVM, US Dept of Agriculture and Univ of Nebraska. This report is based, in part, on contributions by C Minor, Florida Dept of Health; T Holt, DVM, W Jeter, DVM, J Crews, DVM, and J Carter, Florida Dept of Agriculture and Consumer Svcs.
References
1. CDC. Compendium of measures to prevent disease associated with animals in public settings, 2007: National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians, Inc. (NASPHV). MMWR 2007;56(No. RR-5).
2. Mead PS, Slutsker L, Dietz V, et al. Food-related illness and death in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis 1999;5:607--25.
3. Su C, Brandt LJ. Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection in humans. Ann Intern Med 1995;123:698--714.
4. Keen JE, Elder RO. Isolation of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli O157 from the surfaces and the oral cavity of finished beef feedlot cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002;220:756--63.
5. CDC. Outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated with petting zoos---North Carolina, Florida, and Arizona, 2004 and 2005. MMWR 2005;54:1277--80.
6. Steinmuller N, Demma L, Bender JB, Eidson M, Angulo FJ. Outbreaks of enteric disease associated with animal contact: not just a foodborne problem anymore. Clin Infect Dis 2006;43:1596--602.
7. CDC. Outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections among children associated with farm visits---Pennsylvania and Washington, 2000. MMWR 2001;50:293--7.
8. Crump JA, Sulka AC, Langer AJ, et al. An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections among visitors to a dairy farm. N Engl J Med 2002;347:555--60.
We still have pending litigation against the State of North Carolina steming from a petting zoo E. coli O157:H7 outbreak in 2004 were several children suffered acute kidney failure caused by Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome.
Ruby would have liked to have been there too. Her daughter, son-in-law and grandchildren stood up for Ruby by suing the companies whose E. coli O157:H7 product took her life long before her time. This is yet another video of another victim of the "safest food supply in the world."
We will be filing yet another lawsuit stemming from a multi-state outbreak of Salmonella-tainted sprouts was filed today in the Tenth District Court for Sarpy County, Nebraska. Bellevue resident Daniel Krim, one of 121 people sickened in the February-March 2009 outbreak.
The lawsuit was filed against CW sprouts, the Nebraska firm whose Sunsprout brand of raw sprouts was distributed to retail customers, including grocery stores and restaurants. Also named in the lawsuit is John Doe Corporation, the yet-to-be identified company that cultivated and distributed the seeds used to grow the tainted sprouts.
Daniel Krim purchased a sandwich containing the defendant’s sprouts at a LaVista Jimmy John’s restaurant in February, and fell ill the next day with flu-like symptoms including fever, nausea, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea. His symptoms continued to worsen, causing him to seek emergency medical care. He was treated for dehydration and gave a stool sample that later revealed that he was infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella saintpaul. Mr. Krim missed more than a week of work due to his illness, and lost over ten pounds.
The CDC has opened an investigation into a new Salmonella saintpaul outbreak tied to sprouts, which to date has sickened 35 people in six states: Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, and West Virginia. According to preliminary testing, the new outbreak appears to be an extension of the February-March outbreak in Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, Minnesota, and Kansas that sickened Daniel Krim.
CDC is collaborating with public health officials in many states and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate a multistate outbreak of human infections due to Salmonella serotype Saintpaul.
Since mid-March, 35 persons infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Saintpaul have been reported from 7 states. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Michigan (17), Minnesota (4), Ohio (3), Pennsylvania (6), South Dakota (2), Utah (1), and West Virginia (2). Cases are still being reported, and possible cases are in various stages of laboratory testing, so illnesses may be reported from other states. No deaths have been reported
State and local authorities, CDC, and FDA have linked this outbreak to eating alfalfa sprouts. Most of those who became ill reported eating raw alfalfa sprouts. Some reported eating sprouts at restaurants; others purchased sprouts at the retail level.
The initial investigation has traced the contaminated raw alfalfa sprouts to multiple sprout growers in multiple states. This suggests a problem with the seeds used, as well as the possible failure of the sprout growers involved to appropriately and consistently follow the FDA Sprout Guidance issued in 1999 http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/sprougd1.html. The guidance recommends an effective seed disinfection treatment immediately before the start of sprouting (such as treating seeds in a 20,000 parts per million calcium hypochlorite solution with agitation for 15 minutes) and regularly testing the water used for every batch of sprouts for Salmonella and E coli O157:H7.
This outbreak appears to be an extension of an earlier outbreak in 2009. In February and March, an outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul infections occurred in Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota. This outbreak was linked to raw alfalfa sprouts produced at a single facility, and the outbreak strain was indistinguishable from that of the more recently reported cases. CDC is also currently working with public health officials in several states and FDA to investigate an outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes infections linked with eating alfalfa sprouts.
Most persons infected with Salmonella develop diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps 12–72 hours after infection. Infection is usually diagnosed by culture of a stool sample. The illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days. Although most people recover without treatment, severe infections may occur. Infants, elderly persons, and those with impaired immune systems are more likely than others to develop severe illness. When severe infection occurs, Salmonella may spread from the intestines to the bloodstream and then to other body sites and can cause death unless the person is treated promptly with antibiotics.
Advice for consumers
* Do not eat raw alfalfa sprouts, including sprout blends containing alfalfa sprouts, until further notice. This warning is only for alfalfa sprouts, not other types of sprouts .
* Persons who think they may have become ill from eating raw alfalfa sprouts are advised to consult their health care providers.
REMINDER for high risk populations: CDC and FDA recommend at all times that persons at high risk for complications from Salmonella infection, such as the elderly, young children, and those with compromised immune systems, not eat raw sprouts. For such persons who continue to eat sprouts, FDA recommends cooking them (U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2002 consumer advisory, available at http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/tpsprout.html).
In 1993, Jack in the Box suffered a major foodborne illness outbreak involving E. coli O157:H7 bacteria. Four children died of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), hundreds were hospitalized and 600 others were reported sick after eating undercooked patties contaminated with fecal material containing the bacteria at locations in California, Washington, Idaho and Nevada. Brianne Kiner was one HUS survivor. Click on below to watch short video:
After two years of litigation, we were able to recover $15,600,000 for Brianne and her family.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced today not to eat raw alfalfa sprouts, saying they may be contaminated with Salmonella.
The contamination appears to be in seeds so washing the sprouts may not help, the FDA said in a statement. "Other types of sprouts have not been implicated at this time," the agency said.
"FDA will work with the alfalfa sprout industry to help identify which seeds and alfalfa sprouts are not connected with this contamination, so that this advisory can be changed as quickly as possible." The FDA said 31 Salmonella Saintpaul infections have been seen in Michigan, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, and West Virginia.
"Some reported eating raw sprouts at restaurants; others reported purchasing the raw sprouts at the retail level," the FDA said. "This outbreak appears to be an extension of an earlier outbreak in 2009. In February and March, an outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul infections occurred in Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota," the FDA added.
Ben Chapman, over at Bites, published a very complete list of Sprout Outbreaks Since 1990.
Since 1990, raw or slightly cooked sprouts have caused an estimated 2,166 illnesses, through 33 outbreaks (actually - 37 outbreaks, 2,273 illnesses). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration estimates that sprout-link outbreaks account for 40 per cent of all food-borne illness associated with produce.
Year Type Pathogen Cases Location
Continue Reading...As one reporter I spoke to last week noted:
The Facts:
The law firm of Marler and Clark has represented victims from every major food borne illness since 1993. Marler has fought for the rights of victims of food-borne illnesses for more than 16 years now and says in that time he has seen no laws tightened to protect consumers.
Lawyer says Plainview plant may not be at fault
"What some people don’t understand is the ripple effect this kind of thing can cause," Marler said. "Some 50-60 people here lose their jobs, the corporation goes bankrupt, there are other companies that go bankrupt due to the cost of the product recall, more people lose their jobs . . . . You add it up and that is some major money being lost, not to mention the human cost of people getting sick and dying."
Peanut Victims' Lawyers Visit Blakely Plant
"It really is a failure of not only this company, but also of government oversight,” said Bill Marler. “It's a failure of the peanut association to pay attention to all of its members and a failure on the part of consumers to hold their government accountable."
"125 people are out of a job, that the peanut industry is losing half a billion dollars from just one company when the last time the FDA was here was in 2001. I think most tax payers would think spending more on the FDA could have saved a lot of problems, 9 people wouldn't have died, 700 people wouldn't have been sickened and 125 people wouldn't be out of a job," Marler says.
"It's interesting that the president seems to be interested, he talked about his daughter eating peanut butter and hopefully that will loosen up money."
My Opinion:
I was able to tour the Peanut Corporation of America plants in Blakely, Georgia and Plainview, Texas this week. I saw mice, cockroaches, and leaking roofs – all bad signs in a food production plant. But those weren’t the only bad signs. I also saw two small towns, already struggling in this economy, that have lost steady incomes for the more than 100 people who used to work at the plants; incomes their families – and the towns – depended on. I saw seemingly endless fields lying fallow that should be full of peanuts, crops that would have supported unknown numbers of farmers and other businesses all along the line of distribution, and the communities they live in.
It’s my job to focus on the people who were sickened in this outbreak – the 691 (confirmed) ill, the 160 hospitalized, and the nine families who lost loved ones. But the victims of this outbreak are everywhere. Certainly in these two towns, which have lost valuable jobs, perhaps forever. But with more than 4,800 products recalled, millions of dollars in costs all have the same ripple-out effect – the businesses suffer, then the employees suffer, then the communities suffer. We all feel the effects. And. It. Has. To. Stop.
It’s ridiculous to point at the Peanut Corporation of America and say, “it was all their fault”, and go back to business as usual. Oh, PCA carries plenty of blame; I’ll be the first to say. They ran a shoddy factory and made inexcusable decisions which caused incalculable loss and suffering. And they will pay for it. But they are not alone in this. Bad actors can only flourish in a broken system, where the loopholes are truck-sized and regulation thin. We went through this two years ago with the Peter Pan/Great Value peanut butter outbreak, and we all thought it would never happen again at that scale – and we were wrong. It will happen again - and again - unless industry, government, and business interests grow collective backbones and put an end to it.
Press coverage for Georgia Trip:
Lawyer To Tour Georgia Plant Linked To Salmonella
News Now Update: Tour of Salmonella Tainted Peanut Plant
Peanut Victims' Lawyers Visit Blakely Plant
PCA plant conditions 'disturbing'
Attorney: Mice, leaky roof found at Georgia nut plant
I finally made it into the Blakely, Georgia Peanut Corporation of America plant. Despite being scrubbed a bit in the last few months, we still found mice and cockroaches in the plant with several spots where the roof had been clearly leaking. Really little question that any company purchasing product from this plant should have been on notice of the risks had they ever taken the time for a quick visit. There was no lights nor air-conditioning in the plant (someone did not pay the bills I guess). I did find the below letter sitting in the fax machine in the office. Guess it came just before "the lights went out in Georgia." As Mr. King's request I have taken the letter off line.
After being in Plainview and Blakely, where over 100 people lost their jobs, after seeing untilled peanut fields as I drove across South Georgia, I wonder were the hell the Peanut Association and the Georgia Department of Agriculture was in the years after the 2007 ConAgra Peter Pan Peanut Butter outbreak? What more could have been done to prevent 700 illnessses and nine deaths? What more could have been done to prevent over $1B in losses by business? Perhaps Stewart Parnell woud have told Larry King?
So, said the white board in the manager's office in the Plainview, Texas Peanut Corporation of America Plant that I visited today.
I guess that did not translate into dealing with leaking roofs, mice and cockroaches.
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Well, made it from Seattle to Dallas to Lubbock to Plainview today. Had a great steak dinner at the “Rockin’ R Steak House.” They did not have a beer or wine list because they share a back door with their neighbor, the Baptist Church. We parked across the street and had little fear of being hit by a car (or anything else) as we crossed the street.
According to Wikipedia, Plainview is located at 34°11′28″N 101°43′8″W / 34.19111°N 101.71889°W / 34.19111; -101.71889 (34.191204, -101.718806), a.k.a “out in the middle of nowhere.” From the 2000 census, there were 22,336 people, 7,626 households, and 5,666 families residing in the city. On February 11, 2009, the Texas Department of State Health Services ordered the cessation of operations and full recall of all products produced by a Plainview-based peanut processing facility owned by Peanut Corporation of America, following the discovery of "dead rodents, rodent excrement and bird feathers in the plant," and revelations that the plant had operated without state licensure or inspection. Notable natives:
* Lawrence McCutcheon, running back for the Los Angeles Rams from 1972-1979, the Denver Broncos & Seattle Seahawks in 1980 and the Buffalo Bills in 1981, was born in Plainview and played football for the Plainview Bulldogs.
* Singer, actor, and sausage entrepreneur Jimmy Dean, known for his sketches with Jim Henson's Muppet Rowlf the Dog, was born in Plainview.
* James H. Clark, technology entrepreneur and founder of Netscape and other companies, was born in Plainview.
* Dave Williamson, drummer for Scurge Records artist The Lifeless Design, is from Plainview.
* The general dentist Felix Conkling Crawford (1938-2007) practiced in Plainview and was a leading figure in both the Texas Dental Association and the American Dental Association. He was also a lobbyist for the ADA.
* Lindy Williams, the lead singer of Boxing Edna and owner of RaceDayOutfitters.com, is from Plainview.
* Horse trainer Carl Nafzger, who has won the Kentucky Derby twice, in 1990 with Unbridled and in 2007 with Street Sense, was born in Plainview. He also won the 1990 Breeder's Cup Classic with Unbridled.
* Former Hale County Judge Bill Hollars, sometimes called "Hang 'em High" Hollars.
Off to see the Peanut Corporation of America plant in the morning.
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Clifford Tousignant, father, grandfather and decorated veteran of the Korean War, died in January, 2009, after eating Salmonella-contaminated peanut butter served in the nursing home where he lived in Brainard, MN. His family is filing suit against Kanan Enterprises, the makers of King Nut peanut butter. The complaint was filed Monday in US District Court, District of Minnesota.
“The tragedy of a lost family member is the worst and clearest example of why we need to reform our food safety system,” said Bill Marler, the family’s attorney. “This family lost precious years with their patriarch, because tainted food was shipped to our most vulnerable populations: the elderly, the sick, and children.”
King Nut peanut butter was distributed in 5-pound containers to nursing homes, schools, and hospitals. King Nut used peanut products manufactured by Peanut Corporation of America, whose Salmonella-contaminated products sickened almost seven hundred people and caused the deaths of nine, including Mr. Tousignant. Containers of King Nut tested positive for the strain of Salmonella associated with the nationwide outbreak.
Clifford Tousignant (video link) fell ill in late December 2008, after eating King Nut peanut butter served at the Woodland Good Samaritan Village nursing home. He had profuse diarrhea, which caused him to be hospitalized on New Year’s Eve. He remained in the hospital until January 4, 2009, and while there, tested positive for Salmonella. He returned to the nursing home, but continued to suffer diarrhea and had difficulty eating. He was rushed back to the hospital on January 11, but passed away on January 12 from sepsis following his Salmonella infection.
Marler Clark represents more than eighty victims of the Peanut Corporation of America Salmonella outbreak. The firm also represented the majority of victims of the ConAgra (Peter Pan/Great Value) peanut butter outbreak of 2006-2007.
Severe illness - Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) - caused by E. coli O157:H7, impacts kids the hardest. Here is another family's story of when feeding your kids something healthy goes very wrong.
Click on below to watch video.
In late October 2003, Beaver County ER doctors reported an alarming number of Hepatitis A cases. Investigators from the Pennsylvania Department of Health initiated an investigation immediately and discovered that many, if not all, cases had eaten at Chi Chi’s restaurant in Monaca, Pennsylvania’s Beaver Valley Mall. Along with the health department, the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducted further studies of the outbreak. Preliminary analysis of a case-control study suggested that green onions were the probable source of the outbreak. The onions had been shipped to the restaurant in boxes and were stored and refrigerated in buckets of ice. They were eventually chopped up and served in various dishes at the restaurant, often uncooked, as in the preparation of mild salsa. “Preliminary trace-back information indicated that the green onions supplied to Chi Chi’s had been grown in Mexico.” Ultimately, over 650 people were sickened in the outbreak. The victims included at least thirteen Chi Chi’s employees and numerous residents of six other states. Four people died from their injuries, and more than 9,000 people obtained immune globulin shots as protection against the virus. This is the story of one of those cases.
Donna Roy was part of the 2006 Dole Spinach E. coli O157:H7 Outbreak. She developed Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), which is a severe, life-threatening complication of an E. coli O157:H7 bacterial infection. It is now recognized as the most common cause of acute kidney failure in childhood in the United States. E. coli O157:H7 is responsible for over 90% of the cases of HUS that develop in North America. In fact, some researchers now believe that E. coli O157:H7 is the only cause of HUS in children. However, it clearly impacts all of us - young and old.
I spent part of the day working on the sad case of a Crescent City, California woman, Mrs. Tardiff, who contracted Campylobacter jejuni from consuming raw milk purchased at Alexandre Family EcoDairy Farms. The farms stopped the sale of raw milk. The Del Norte County Department of Public Health eventually linked at least 16 people who contracted Campylobacter jejuni. Mrs. Tardiff suffered Guillain-Barré (ghee-yan bah-ray) syndrome (GBS) and remained in the hospital in intensive care, partially paralyzed (actually on a ventilator), for several months. She is still partially paralyzed and is now undergoing intensive rehabilitation.
GBS is a disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system includes the cranial nerves (except the optic [eye] nerve), the spinal nerves, and the autonomic nervous system that governs involuntary actions. The central nervous system is the spinal cord and brain. GBS often occurs a few days or weeks after a person has had symptoms of a respiratory or gastrointestinal viral or bacterial infection; in fact, two-thirds of affected individuals have had a preceding infection. Campylobacter jejuni, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are commonly identified antecedent pathogens.
Interestingly, a friend suggested an article that GBS might well have been the cause of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s paralysis (no indication raw milk was involved). Here is the abstract from Goldman AS, Schmalstieg EJ, Freeman DH Jr, Goldman DA, Schmalstieg FC Jr., J Med Biogr. 2003 Nov; 11(4): 232-40. What was the cause of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's paralytic illness?
In 1921, when he was 39 years of age, Franklin Delano Roosevelt contracted an illness characterized by: fever; protracted symmetric, ascending paralysis; facial paralysis; bladder and bowel dysfunction; numbness; and dysaesthesia. The symptoms gradually resolved except for paralysis of the lower extremities. The diagnosis at the onset of the illness and thereafter was paralytic poliomyelitis. Yet his age and many features of the illness are more consistent with a diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome, an autoimmune polyneuritis. The likelihoods (posterior probabilities) of poliomyelitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome were investigated by Bayesian analysis. Posterior probabilities were calculated by multiplying the prior probability (disease incidence in Roosevelt's age group) by the symptom probability (likelihood of a symptom occurring in a disease). Six of eight posterior probabilities strongly favored Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Got Milk? Raw?
So, I get home from visiting my parents for Easter and I get this email from hugh.parnell@yahoo.com. The email came from Lynchburg Virginia - home of Falwell Ministries, Liberty University, Stewart Parnell and the Peanut Corporation of America:
You have got to be a money crazy son of a bitch, with a big mouth. People like you arn't (sic) interested in the problem. You are only trying to feather your own nest. I hope that some day that I can meet you. You have to be a real ass hole.... Hugh Parnell
I “googled” Hugh Parnell. My guess is this nice email came from Hugh Parnell Jr. (Stewart’s little brother). He was quoted in the Washington Post at the time that his brother’s business was linked to 700 illnesses and nine deaths:
Hugh Parnell Jr. said he has not worked for PCA for 10 years but continues to do business with the company as a peanut broker. He defended his brother as someone who "would never try to hurt anybody."
"It'd be like General Motors selling a car with no brakes," he said. "How are you going to benefit from that? You'd just hurt your company."
"He didn't want this," said Hugh Parnell Jr. "It's a nightmare."
A few weeks ago, I got an email from Hugh’s and Stewart’s mother. I posted her emails here – “It is good to be hated by some people.” Seems like a lovely family. Perhaps little brother should read the emails that the FBI seized in their ongoing criminal investigation of big brother.
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Well, off to hunt Easter Eggs in the rain and snow.
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The picture speaks for itself. I am not sure I ever recall a case where a product specifically said that it did not contain another company's product. A friend did just send me the following photo stemming from the 2006 spinach E. coli outbreak:
Prompted by a post by the "Raw Milk Apologist," The Complete Patient - "When It Comes to Discussing Raw Milk Safety, It Helps to Appreciate the Behind-the-Scenes Agendas at Hand," I felt the need to give a bit of a counter-point to "the raw milk kills all ills" propaganda the spews from his keyboard. Here are some hard facts - and recalls and illnesses related to raw milk:
Campylobacter Recall, California (Organic Pastures)
Campylobacter Outbreak, Colorado (Investigation ongoing)
Campylobacter Outbreak, Ferndale, Washington
Campylobacter Recall, Pennsylvania (Dean Farms)
Campylobacter Recall, Pennsylvania (Headricks dairy)
My friends at Barfblog (aptly named) produced this list of Raw Milk Outbreaks and Recalls - hopefully the above updates it.
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Outbreak Statistics At a Glance
Source of Outbreak: Country Cottage Restaurant, Locust Grove, OK
Outbreak Organism: E. coli 0111:NM
Vehicle of Contamination: Unknown
Method of Spread: Foodborne transmission
Confirmed Outbreak Period: Aug. 15-24, 2008
Cases: 341
Hospitalizations: 70
Deaths: 1
The Oklahoma State Department of Health (OSDH) released its final report today on the investigation of the largest E. coli O111 outbreak ever documented in the United States. The outbreak, which occurred in late August 2008 in northeastern Oklahoma, sickened 341 people and resulted in one death.
The report detailed the agency’s extensive epidemiological investigation into the outbreak that included laboratory testing, personal interviews, and an in-depth environmental investigation. While the source of the outbreak – the Country Cottage restaurant in Locust Grove, OK, – was quickly identified, the vehicle for contamination was never found.
Laboratory analyses of specimens provided by those who became sick allowed the OSDH and the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to pinpoint E. coli 0111 as the bacterial organism responsible for persons’ illnesses. However, microbiological testing of food products and food preparation and serving surfaces in the restaurant, as well as testing symptomatic restaurant employees, samples from a private water well located on the property, water filters, and the Locust Grove municipal water supply, found no E. coli 0111. The OSDH released multiple situational updates during the investigation that reported no E. coli 0111 had been identified in its extensive testing process. Because the disease-causing organism was not found, the OSDH was unable to eliminate from consideration any of the potential vehicles for transmission of the bacteria into the restaurant, including well water. Even so, analysis of data collected during the investigation suggests there was ongoing foodborne transmission of E. coli O111 to restaurant customers from Aug. 15-24, 2008.
“What is important to remember is that when responding to an infectious disease outbreak, our primary objective is to rapidly identify the source of the infection to contain the outbreak and prevent any further spread,” said State Epidemiologist Dr. Kristy Bradley. “Within 48 hours of being notified of increased cases of persons with bloody diarrhea being admitted to Tulsa area hospitals, we identified the Country Cottagerestaurant as the common source of transmission. The restaurant closed voluntarily and the outbreak was contained.”
According to the CDC, only 10 outbreaks involving E. coli 0111 had been reported nationally prior to Oklahoma’s outbreak. The bacteria are from the family of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli bacteria, or STEC. Persons who ingest STEC may have a diarrheal illness ranging from very mild and non-bloody to severe with very bloody stools. The infectious dose is very small and STEC are often spread by ingesting food items contaminated with fecal matter that are not subsequently cooked. Person-to-person transmission, direct animal contact, and waterborne transmission, either from contaminated drinking water or recreational water, are other exposure routes.
State health officials said as of March 16, 2009, OSDH personnel have reported 6,481 hours of total accrued time and effort dedicated to the E. coli O111 outbreak investigation. This does not take into account the time and effort provided by Tulsa Health Department personnel, student volunteers, or medical staff at various hospitals and clinics who provided surveillance information.
According to press reports, the Texas Department of State Health Services has levied a $14.6 million fine against the Texas plant owned by a peanut company at the heart of a national salmonella outbreak. The Texas Department of State Health Services said Thursday it was fining Plainview Peanut Co. LLC over alleged violations that include unsanitary conditions, product contamination, illnesses linked to peanuts from the plant and operating without a food manufacturers' license. The Plainview plant has been closed since Feb. 9. The plant's owner, Peanut Corp. of America, is blamed for an outbreak that has sickened nearly 700 people and is said to be the cause of at least nine deaths.
I look forward to seeing the insides of both the Texas and Georgia plants in the coming weeks.
For the last few weeks the FDA and Westco Fruit and Nuts Inc. (Westco/Westcott), have been "negotiating" on whether a recall would be issued of Westco/Westcott peanut products. Today the FDA dropped the hammer down. From the FDA Website:
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At the request of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Marshals today executed an inspection warrant at Westco Fruit and Nuts Inc. (Westco/Westcott), an Irvington, N.J.-based company. Westco/Westcott did not provide access to distribution documents and declined to recall products after an FDA request. Regulated companies are required by law to grant FDA entry for inspection, as well as provide access to distribution records. The FDA does not have authority to compel companies to recall food products, such as peanuts. The company, which produces and distributes peanuts and peanut products, received peanuts and peanut product from the Peanut Corporation of America (PCA), a Georgia company that recalled products in January due to concerns of Salmonella contamination. Despite PCA's effort to remove the affected product from the market and FDA's intervention, Westco/Westcott has refused to recall its products.
"FDA's enforcement action against Westco Fruit and Nuts is an appropriate step toward removing potentially harmful products from the marketplace, especially when, as in this case, a company is unwilling to share information FDA needs to ensure food safety," said Michael Chappell, the FDA's acting associate commissioner for regulatory affairs. "The FDA uses all appropriate legal means necessary to obtain information and fully investigate firms or individuals who put the health of consumers at risk." On March 23, 2009, the FDA formally requested Westco/Westcott to initiate a recall of all of its products containing peanuts from PCA because such products may be contaminated with Salmonella. On March 26, 2009, the FDA also issued a formal notice to Westco/Westcott requesting access to certain records concerning the distribution of PCA peanut containing products. The company declined both requests.
Investigations by the FDA and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identified products from PCA's Blakely, Ga., facility as a source of the current Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak. These efforts led to PCA's recall of peanuts and peanut-derived products. Between Nov. 19, 2008, and Dec. 30, 2008, Westco/Westcott received three shipments of Oil Roasted Salted Redskin Jumbo Peanuts from PCA's Georgia facility. Westco/Westcott sold these peanuts in various size/packaging configurations and also used them as an ingredient in a variety of mixed nut products and trail mix produced between Nov. 19, 2008, and early February 2009. On Feb. 9, 2009, New Jersey officials executed an embargo action at Westco/Westcott's distribution facility to prevent the company from further distributing potentially contaminated peanuts or peanut-derived products in the company's inventory.
Last week ABC reported:
A federal official said Moradi [Westco/Westcott] "ran away and hid" when government inspectors showed up at his plant. Moradi acknowledged hiding from FDA inspectors but said it was because they had repeatedly visited him and staked out his plant, and he was frightened.
"I was intimidated," Moradi said. "I was scared of them."
Moradi described Westco as "a tiny little business" with annual sales of a little more than $1 million.
"These people are basically doing it to cover their a**. FDA is doing this to cover their a**," he said. "For seven years, they did not do inspections [at the PCA plant in Georgia] and now at the cost of a tiny little small business they are coming, and they are forcing me and they have no proof. "
The real question is whether if FDA had recall authority if companies would fight the recall and drag out the battle like Westco/Westcott has done? The reality is that the "voluntary" recall system has worked quite well over the years. There have been only a handful of folks like Westco/Westcott who refuse to put public health before profits.
A second lawsuit was filed today against CW Sprouts, the company tied to the recent Salmonella outbreak associated with alfalfa sprouts. The suit, which was filed in the Tenth District Court of Nebraska, Douglas County, is on behalf of Omaha resident Amanda Monastersky. The Ausman Law Firm, an Omaha area firm, is also representing the plaintiff.
Ms. Monastersky severe gastrointestinal illness lasted for several weeks. Ultimately, health officials determined that Ms. Monastersky was one of more than 120 people infected with Salmonella Saintpaul in Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, and Kansas in February and March of 2009. Health officials linked the outbreak to sprouts produced by CW Sprouts and distributed under the name SunSprouts. CW Sprouts has recalled the implicated product.
In the first major hamburger recall since 2002, on June 9, 2007, United Food Group voluntarily expanded its June 3 and 6 recalls to include a total of approximately 5.7 million pounds of both fresh and frozen ground beef products produced between April 6 and April 20 because it was contaminated with E. coli O157:H7, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service announced.
An investigation carried out by the California Department of Health Services and the Colorado Department of Health, in coordination with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, preceded the recall of June 3. Illnesses occurred in Arizona (6), California (3), Colorado (2), Idaho (1), Utah (1) and Wyoming (1). Illness onset dates ranged between April 25 and May 18.
Four of those illnesses were children who developed Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). Their stories, like the stories of other victims of HUS linked to hamburger consumption, began with that all-American past time of eating a hamburger then lead to an acute illness where death was a real possibility. Now, it is a lifetime of risk of kidney failure.
We have been able to settle two of the four HUS cases. It will be interesting to see what juries say about the other two cases.
As a friend recently said: "You could almost make a sandwich." A nasty one at that.
For those thinking about drinking raw milk or having your children drink it - read these pages (click below to download PDF):
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The first lawsuit (complaint) stemming from a multi-state outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul was filed today against CW sprouts in the Tenth District Court of Nebraska, Douglas County. The complaint was filed on behalf of Omaha resident Stephen Beumler, who is represented by Seattle foodborne illness law firm Marler Clark and by the Ausman Law firm of Omaha.
Stephen Beumler purchased a sandwich from the Council Bluffs Jimmy John’s restaurant on March 1, 2009. The sandwich contained alfalfa sprouts provided to the restaurant by CW Sprouts. Mr. Beumler began to feel ill that night, with nausea, cramping, and diarrhea. Believing he had the flu, Mr. Beumler rested and drank fluids, but his symptoms worsened to include muscle aches and intense fatigue. On Tuesday March 3 he was unable to go to work and his wife—a nurse—began to suspect that the illness was not flu. Mr. Beumler visited his doctor on Wednesday, and the samples he gave that day confirmed that he had been infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Saintpaul. Mr. Beumler required an additional five days of recovery before he was able to return to work.
The outbreak began in February 2009, as cases of Salmonella Saintpaul began to appear in Nebraska. By March, cases with the same genetic fingerprint were identified in South Dakota, Iowa, Colorado, and Kansas. By interviewing the more than 120 people sickened in the outbreak, health authorities were able to link the illnesses to sprouts produced by CW Sprouts and distributed to retail outlets such as grocery stores and restaurants under the brand name Sunsprouts.
The warm, moist environment used to grow sprouts is ideal for bacteria growth, and sprouts can play host to a number of different strains of Salmonella, as well as E. coli O157:H7. Bacteria on or in sprouts is difficult to detect, and most people do not wash or cook sprouts, which might kill or remove infectious bacteria.
In 1999, the FDA announced new guidelines for the growing of sprouts, including using calcium hypochlorite treatment on seeds. This treatment exposes seeds to high levels of chlorine, killing bacteria, but leaving seeds unharmed. Since its introduction, manufacturers who consistently use this seed disinfectant treatment have not been implicated in foodborne illness outbreaks; however not all producers have adopted the technique.
I had not checked the list of recalled peanut butter containing products for a few day and now it is 3868 different products manufactured by over 200 different companies. All caused by one company that produced about 2.5% of peanut butter products in the USA. The CDC has not updated its site and still has 691 ill with 9 deaths as its official count. According to the FDA, the information is current as of 12 PM March 28, 2009 . Click on picture to go to FDA's searchable site.
Seattle Metropolitan Magazine writer Jill Watanabe and I spoke a few weeks ago. Here is her take on the Peanut Butter Mess:
Peanut butter, meet food fighter. Seattle attorney Bill Marler just dipped his knife into your jar and, well, your salmonella secret is over.
Marler broke the story on Peanut Corporation of America’s not-so-smooth business practices in late January. On his blog, he posted a leaked copy of an FDA report confirming that the peanut processor had knowingly shipped salmonella-tainted products from its plant in Blakely, Georgia. The media quickly went nuts spreading the news, and calls from salmonella-sickened victims began rolling in. Nearly four months later, Marler’s firm is in contact with more than 50 potential clients seeking lawsuits against PCA and its CEO, Stewart Parnell.
Marler’s work doesn’t stop—nor did it start—at Big Peanut. He’s already the nation’s foremost food borne-illness litigator. His vast enemy list includes Chili’s, Dole, KFC, Sizzler, and Wendy’s, and he’s won more than $300 million for his food-poisoned clients. Now Marler’s career may take another path, as he awaits a decision on his bid to become under secretary of the FDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service agency. “After Obama got elected, I wrote an open letter [to the new under secretary of FSIS] and posted it on my blog,” he explains. “Then I started getting calls from people in and out of government, saying ‘You have to fill out these forms.’” But Marler knows the government might be wary of “letting a trial lawyer in,” and hopes the sentiment doesn’t stick to the roof of the selection committee’s mouth.
I was reading the Albany, Georgia Herald when I came across Jennifer Maddox Park’s piece “Blakely Going Nuts.” At first I thought the town was so damn sorry and embarrassed for being the location of the peanut butter plant that has sickened nearly 700, hospitalized 150 and killed 9, that they were going to have some type of memorial to the victims – perhaps raise money for medical bills and lost wages? But, alas, not a damn chance. Remember, many who lived in the Blakely knew that the Peanut Corporation of America plant was rat and bird infested and some even knew that it was shipping Salmonella-tainted product.
Here, according to my new friend Jennifer, is what is actually happening – “Included in the event will be live music, free peanut snacks including grilled peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, an obstacle course, educational exhibits and a peanut recipe contest.” And there are the lovely, caring quotes by politicians and folks from the Chamber of Commerce:
“In the midst of negative exposure surrounding the recent salmonella outbreak, representatives from the peanut industry are out to educate the public on the positive impact they can have.”
“We are enthused at how the peanut industry has come together. It’s going to be a great day.”
“We are sending the message that we are proactive in saving the industry. At a time like this, it is important to have an umbrella to bring everyone in the industry together. It’s about community support; it’s just going to be a good day.”
“The peanut industry is a critical component of the economy not only in Blakely but also across our entire state. The festival this weekend will provide some momentum to keep the industry, which supports nearly 50,000 jobs in our state, vibrant and thriving.”
“I think it’s a wonderful thing that the peanut industry has come together,” he said. “The festival is an expression of the fact we know the peanut industry is a great industry. One bad actor is not going to kill it; we are going to prosper. (The event) goes right along with the optimistic spirit over the past couple of years.”
“It shows how strong the community is here. It should be big; hopefully it will be a good day. This can be a fun day given economic times.”
“Our purpose is to show peanut butter is trustworthy. We don’t want to focus on the bad; we want to focus on the good.”
Perhaps I should show up with nine crosses? Or, a bag of hospital bills? Yes, I understand the need to make a buck, but for god’s sake, wait at least until the bodies are cold and the survivor's bills are paid. Pathetic.
I was stunned by the testimony but sickened by the exhibits watching the video of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations hearing titled, “The Salmonella Outbreak: The Role of Industry in Protecting the Nation’s Food Supply” held at 10:00 a.m. this morning, Thursday, March 19, 2009, in 2123 Rayburn House Office Building. This hearing examined the actions and obligations of manufacturers and retailers that purchased tainted peanut products from the Peanut Corporation of America (PCA). All the video, statements and exhibits can be found here. Here are some of the more shocking revelations. Email from Stewart Parnell upon learning of the outbreak:
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And, the factory residents:
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The Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations will hold a hearing titled, “The Salmonella Outbreak: The Role of Industry in Protecting the Nation’s Food Supply” at 10:00 a.m. Eastern on Thursday, March 19, 2009, in 2123 Rayburn House Office Building. This hearing will examine the actions and obligations of manufacturers and retailers that purchased tainted peanut products from the Peanut Corporation of America (PCA). Do not forget to tune into the Podcast.
Witness List
* Martin Kanan, President and Chief Executive Officer, King Nut Company
* David Mackay, Chief Executive Officer, Kellogg Company
* Heather Isely, Co-Owner, Vitamin Cottage Natural Food Markets, Inc.
Interestingly, Kellogg Co. chief executive David Mackay provided his prepared remarks to the AP before the hearing. In it he wants food safety placed under a new leader in the Health and Human Services Department. He also called for new requirements that all food companies have written safety plans, annual federal inspections of facilities that make high-risk foods, and other reforms.
Mackay's strong endorsement of major changes could boost President Barack Obama's efforts to overhaul the system. Last week Obama launched a special review of food safety programs, which are split among several departments and agencies, and rely in some cases on decades-old laws. Critics say more funding is needed for inspections and basic research.
"The recent outbreak illustrated that the U.S. food safety system must be strengthened," Mackay said in prepared remarks for a hearing Thursday. "We believe the key is to focus on prevention, so that potential sources of contamination are identified and properly addressed before they become actual food safety problems."
The thing about E. coli O157:H7 is that it does not discriminate - child, young adult, grandparent, man or woman, rich or poor. It sickens over 70,000 people in the US yearly. Here are the short stories of three from 2006 - Remember, they could be your kid, your daughter or your parent:
I actually spoke to "E Online" today regarding the recall of Hannah Montana granola bars. "E" wanted to know if someone could sue Miley Cyrus (aka Hannah Montana). As I said:
Do you live in China? That would help, says attorney Bill Marler, who represents victims in food-poisoning cases.
"China has recently passed a law saying someone who becomes sickened from a product can sue someone who puts their name on the product or is part of the campaign for the product," Marler tells me.
But in the U.S., Marler says, we have no such laws. "Your only recourse is against the people who made the granola bar," Marler says, "and the company in Georgia that produced the peanuts."
The CDC reports today that 691 persons infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium have been reported from 46 states. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Alabama (2), Arizona (14), Arkansas (6), California (76), Colorado (18), Connecticut (11), Florida (1), Georgia (6), Hawaii (6), Idaho (17), Illinois (11), Indiana (10), Iowa (3), Kansas (2), Kentucky (3), Louisiana (1), Maine (5), Maryland (10), Massachusetts (48), Michigan (38), Minnesota (43), Missouri (15), Mississippi (7), Montana (2), Nebraska (1), New Hampshire (13), New Jersey (24), New York (34), Nevada (7), North Carolina (6), North Dakota (17), Ohio (100), Oklahoma (4), Oregon (13), Pennsylvania (19), Rhode Island (5), South Dakota (4), Tennessee (14), Texas (10), Utah (7), Vermont (4), Virginia (21), Washington (24), West Virginia (2), Wisconsin (5), and Wyoming (2). Additionally, one ill person was reported from Canada. Interesting - No cases in Alaska, South Carolina, Delaware or New Mexico.
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Among the persons with confirmed, reported dates available, illnesses began between September 1, 2008 and February 24, 2009. Patients range in age from <1 to 98 years. The median age of patients is 16 years which means that half of ill persons are younger than 16 years. 21% are age <5 years, 17% are >59 years. 48% of patients are female. Among persons with available information, 23% reported being hospitalized. Infection may have contributed to nine deaths: Idaho (1), Minnesota (3), North Carolina (1), Ohio (2), and Virginia (2).
The FDA lists at least 3488 different peanut-containing products being recalled.
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So, I know how (imagine how) the President spent his day – security briefings and then trying to fix the banking, health care, automobile, employment and environment messes. Other Dads? Doing their day jobs – blue collar, white collar, service or manufacturing – all putting in a day’s work. Me, I spent the day – again away from my kids – this time with yet another family of a client needlessly, horribly, and for their child, her life devastated because she ate a hamburger contaminated with E. coli O157:H7. A product inspected by the USDA/FSIS.
Then I got this test message from my thirteen-year-old daughter:
“Hey Dad, have you gotten any Hannah Montana Granola Bar Clients?”
Seriously, the recent peanut butter Salmonella outbreak has touched Hannah Montana peanut granola bars for God’s sake.
You must admit, I am unique. How many fathers – including the President or the Secretary of Agriculture – sadly get a message like that?
So, the details: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has updated its list of recalled products.
Disney Hannah Montana - Peanut Chocolate Granola Bar
Boxes of 6 or 18 bars, 22 g each - 0 53847 20587 9 * - 0 53847 24451 9 * - 0 53847 20610 4 * - 1H001 through 3H365 - 1J001 through 3J365 - 1K001 through 3K029.
Sorry Hannah. However, you should be thankful you do not live in China. In one of its recent regulations, individuals who recommend food in advertisements are legally liable for damages if the product is later found to be unsafe. Celebrities are widely believed to be directly targeted by the provision.
“The label doesn't likely say ‘Was made for us by a really crappy company in Blakely, Ga.,’” Marler explained. “The consumer thinks they're buying the retailer's brand.”
Had a great talk with Julie of Supermarket News about the liability of retailers for products manufactured for them under a “private label”, when they simply sell a manufactured product and when that manufacturer goes bankrupt. However, the above quote says it all. Bottom line is that customers should not be poisoned from eating food sold in retail - restaurants or grocery stores.
House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce
Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
10:00 a.m. Thursday, March 19, 2009
2123 Rayburn House Office Building
Who is testifying has not yet been listed. ("[I]t will be a one-panel hearing with representatives from Kellogg, King Nut, and Vitamin Cottage Natural Grocers testifying. The hearing will be focusing on how the companies that bought peanuts from PCA failed in this case, and what they could be doing to prevent this type of outbreak'). It is great to see Congressmember's Waxman and Stupak are still on top of things - "Change is Coming."
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A bit of press coverage:
It is excellent that our Federal Government is doing such a great job of organizing the Peanut Corporation of America's documents pursuant to a search warrant. I especially like that they saved the "Black trash bag containing shredded documents near the back door." Next time it would be nice if the Federal Government would have simply inspected the facility more than once every six - yes six - years. Happy reading - click on document to download:
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According to press reports today, although today’s hearing concerns bankruptcy matters (court documents filed March 6 show Peanut Corp. has almost $11.4 million in assets and $4.8 million in debt. It has nearly 500 creditors), attorneys representing people with salmonella injury and death claims against the peanut processor showed up as well. Attorney Bruce Clark, of Seattle-based law firm Marler Clark, represents 85 claims against Peanut Corp., including two deaths.
“PCA, when the dust settles, will have nothing. But one thing it does have is an insurance policy that will address bodily injury claims,“ Clark said outside the courthouse this morning.
“The creditors are going to take a bath, that’s for sure. We hope if we lawyers representing injured persons do our job, our clients are going to get a full and fair recovery from insurance assets,“ Clark said.
From the Saint Cloud Times - Stephanie Smith of Cold Spring was a 20-year-old dance instructor when she contracted E. coli after eating a hamburger at a family barbecue in 2007. She also developed HUS and spent nine months in the hospital, including two months in a medically induced coma to prevent seizures.
Smith returned home to Cold Spring in June. Her recovery has been much slower than the 21-year-old would like. During physical therapy sessions at CentraCare Health Plaza in Sartell, Smith works at building strength and balance by sitting on a special seat that records her movement.
With a belt strapped around her waist, she leans from side to side, watching an electronic screen that resembles a video game. She tries to maneuver a figure on the screen into a little box. Later, she lies on her back with her knees bent and tries to lift each leg into the air. "Kick that muscle. Hold it up there," urges her physical therapist, Lisa Barker. She helps by lifting Smith's foot, clad in a stylish plaid sneaker. "Come on, kick, kick, kick."
When asked how she feels she's doing, Smith answers softly, "Crappy."
She wants to be able to walk again, Barker says. But so far, she doesn't have the muscle strength required to lift her legs forward. "We haven't really been able to attack that like we'd like," Barker said.
Still, Smith has regained balance and is better able to transfer herself from her wheelchair to a bed or chair, Barker said. She can stand at home for an hour using a supportive frame and even stands on her own for short periods.
"It's a long battle," Barker said.
Smith's mother, Sharon, says she feels ill when she hears about the victims of the salmonella outbreak. "I feel so bad in my heart, because I know what they're going to go through," she said. Sharon Smith has been juggling taking care of her daughter and getting her to physical therapy appointments while still holding on to job as a Dairy Queen manager. But she isn't complaining, and said she's extremely grateful for the prayers and financial support people have offered throughout the ordeal.
"Every day I wake up and say, 'Thank you, God,' " she said. "I don't care how difficult it is."
Manufacturers, such as Kellogg, can also be held accountable under the law, Marler said.
"One thing that's great about the American justice system is that it's a great way of focusing a company's attention on the problem it created," Marler said.
See full article, "Washington man files suit vs. Kellogg, claiming salmonella poisoning."
CDC now reports 683 persons infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium have been reported from 46 states. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Alabama (2), Arizona (13), Arkansas (6), California (76), Colorado (17), Connecticut (11), Florida (1), Georgia (6), Hawaii (6), Idaho (17), Illinois (11), Indiana (10), Iowa (3), Kansas (2), Kentucky (3), Louisiana (1), Maine (5), Maryland (10), Massachusetts (48), Michigan (38), Minnesota (42), Missouri (15), Mississippi (7), Montana (2), Nebraska (1), New Hampshire (13), New Jersey (23), New York (34), Nevada (6), North Carolina (6), North Dakota (17), Ohio (99), Oklahoma (4), Oregon (13), Pennsylvania (19), Rhode Island (5), South Dakota (4), Tennessee (14), Texas (10), Utah (6), Vermont (4), Virginia (21), Washington (23), West Virginia (2), Wisconsin (5), and Wyoming (2). Additionally, one ill person was reported from Canada.
Among the persons with confirmed, reported dates available, illnesses began between September 1, 2008 and February 13, 2009. Patients range in age from <1 to 98 years. The median age of patients is 16 years which means that half of ill persons are younger than 16 years. 21% are age <5 years, 17% are >59 years. 48% of patients are female. Among persons with available information, 23% reported being hospitalized. Infection may have contributed to nine deaths: Idaho (1), Minnesota (3), North Carolina (1), Ohio (2), and Virginia (2). See the below video on how this nasty bug works.
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1. Salmonella has a dramatic way of invading the host cell.
2. The surface of intestinal cells is covered with microvilli.
3. Like the enteropathogenic E. coli, Salmonella uses a specialized syringelike mechanism to inject proteins through the host membrane surface and into the cytoplasm.
4. The injected proteins trigger the epithelial cell membrane to extend outward (ruffle), and as a result, the bacterium is engulfed and dragged inside the host cell.
5. Once many bacteria have adhered to the intestinal lining, symptoms of the infection (diarrhea and cramping) commence.
6. The process of engulfing the bacterium ends up with the bacterium completely encased in a vacuole made up of the host cell membrane. The vacuole is dragged inside the cell by actin filaments.
7. Under normal circumstances, the host cell has the bacterium exactly where it wants it. The normal mechanism for dealing with a foreign body invading a cell involves lysosomes of the cell fusing with the vacuole surrounding the invader and showering it with a concentrated mix of digestive enzymes, which degrade the intracellular pathogen. So, unless the Salmonella can do something fast, it is doomed.
8. However, the Salmonella has injector system to inject other bacterial proteins into the surrounding vacuole and adjacent area. This second injection alters the vacuole structure (shown as a white-blue glow in the animation). The vacuole is now blocked from fusion with toxic lysosomes (shown as red balls).
9. Now safe and sound, Salmonella begins to divide inside the vacuole. The bacteria continue to divide while the vacuole grows.
10. The Salmonella infection may now spread from the intestines to the blood stream, and then to other body sites.
Also, today "FDA issues peanut safety guidelines for foodmakers." As I said:
COMMON SENSE
Bill Marler, a Seattle-based lawyer who is representing 85 clients who got sick from eating tainted food, said the recommendations are just common sense for any manufacturer that uses outside suppliers.
"What the FDA does in this suggestion memo is to say make sure you are buying your parts from reputable people who have a plan," Marler said in a telephone interview.
"These are all great ideas and all things that the industry should have known. Some did know. Some practiced it, but clearly a lot of people weren't paying attention."
Marler said he has filed six lawsuits in federal court against Peanut Corp; its owner, Stewart Parnell; and Kellogg Co (K.N), which used some of the recalled peanuts as ingredients.
Peanut Corp had a $12 million insurance policy for personal injury liability, he said, but that will not be enough to cover the claims of people filing personal injury and wrongful death cases.
He said the company also had a recall insurance policy worth about $7 million. Otherwise, the company was about $400,000 in debt.
Marler also has filed lawsuits against Kellogg and Ohio-based food distributor King Nut individually, and said he plans to file more by the end of the week.
And, if you still want to read more about peanuts:
Someone emailed me the link to www.peanutbutterlovers.com (website for everything) and a note that March is National Peanut Month – “a time to celebrate one of America's favorite foods.” According to the site, “National Peanut Month had its beginnings as National Peanut Week in 1941. It was expanded to a month-long celebration in 1974.” The site also asks to “Show your Peanut IQ by sharing some of these fun facts with your friends this month:
Peanuts are not actually nuts at all! They are legumes, like beans, peas and lentils.
Americans eat 3 pounds of peanut butter per person every year. That's about 700 million pounds, or enough to coat the floor of the Grand Canyon!
Peanuts may be a favorite food, but we've found many uses for their shells too! You might find peanut shells in kitty litter, wallboard, fireplace logs, paper, animal feed and sometimes as fuel for power plants!
Two peanut farmers have been elected President of the United States: Thomas Jefferson and Jimmy Carter.
One acre of peanuts will make 30,000 peanut butter sandwiches.
I would add not too forget the Salmonella Tennessee outbreak linked to nearly 700 illnesses in 2006-2007 and the Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak linked to nearly 700 illness in 2008-2009.
I was also reading “Agwired” (OK, could not sleep) and found this – “The Atlanta Motor Speedway is declaring Sunday, March 8, as “Georgia Peanut Farmer Appreciation Day” during the Kobalt Tools 500 NASCAR Sprint Cup race in recognition of Georgia’s official state crop.” According to the press release:
It’s a show of support to Georgia-based peanut farmers who have been suffering due to the recent difficulties facing the industry, with the whole salmonella in peanut products problem.
Hmm, what about the “suffering due to the recent difficulties” of 677 sickened? 150 hospitalized? The nine dead? I knew I hated NASCAR.
According to Bankruptcy filings, Peanut Corporation of America has nearly $11.4 million in assets and debts of $4.8 million. The only real estate listed in the documents was the company's plant in Blakely, Georgia. It was valued at $2 million, with a $1 million lien. The company also listed $2 million worth of equipment at the plant. $7 million of the "assets" are two insurance policies - one from Hartford and one from AIG. These policies are apart for the $12 million Hartford policy for the personal injury victims that is not an asset of the Bankruptcy.
However, the consumers who filed lawsuits aren't necessarily out of luck, said a Seattle lawyer who has filed several suits against Peanut Corp. Attorney Bill Marler said he expects his 85 clients to be paid through the company's personal injury insurance policy, which is separate from the assets tied to the product insurance.
Marler said he expects claims on behalf of those who were sickened to be paid. "The personal injury cases will not be shunted aside," he said.
Marler is hopeful that a mediation process can be worked out to compensate individuals, but said even then the insurance money may not be enough to cover all the losses.
Marler and other food safety lawyers have also lawsuits against Solon, Ohio-based King Nut Co. and Battle Creek, Mich.-based Kellogg Co., which they say used the tainted ingredients in their products. Marler also has sued Peanut Corp.'s president, Stewart Parnell.
Fun reading below:
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Weeks ago the Washington Post wrote: “A sun-faded banner with a picture of a squirrel hangs nearby from Parnell's [Peanut Corporation of America’s President’s] house reading "Welcome to the Nut House.’” According to the Atlanta Journal Constitution, the sign may soon read “Welcome to the Big House.”
As I said:
“In 15 years of litigating most of the major foodborne illness outbreaks in the U.S., the PCA case may well be the worst food-safety breach I have ever seen,” said Seattle food-borne illness attorney Bill Marler, who has filed multiple claims against Peanut Corp. in the recent outbreak.
With respect to criminal sanctions, I said in an earlier post:
The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was passed by Congress in 1938 in reaction to the growing public safety demands. The primary goal of the Act is to protect the health and safety of the public by preventing deleterious, adulterated or misbranded articles from entering interstate commerce. Under section 402(a)(4) of the Act, a food product is deemed “adulterated” if, inter alia, the food was “prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions whereby it may have become contaminated with filth, or whereby it may have been rendered injurious to health.” A food product is also considered “adulterated” if it bears or contains any poisonous or deleterious substance which may render it injurious to health. If, however, the “poisonous or deleterious” substance is not an added substance, the food is not considered adulterated if the quantity of the substance in the particular food item does not ordinarily render the food injurious to health.
Continue Reading...In the first major hamburger recall since 2002, on June 9, 2007, United Food Group voluntarily expanded its June 3 and 6 recalls to include a total of approximately 5.7 million pounds of both fresh and frozen ground beef products produced between April 6 and April 20 because it was contaminated with E. coli O157:H7, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service announced.
An investigation carried out by the California Department of Health Services and the Colorado Department of Health, in coordination with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, preceded the recall of June 3. Illnesses occurred in Arizona (6), California (3), Colorado (2), Idaho (1), Utah (1) and Wyoming (1). Illness onset dates ranged between April 25 and May 18.
Four of those illnesses were children who developed Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). Their stories, like the stories of other victims of HUS linked to hamburger consumption, began with that all-American past time of eating a hamburger then lead to an acute illness where death was a real possibility. Now, it is a lifetime of risk of kidney failure.
Click on the pictures of the children below to learn about both the acute phase of their illness and the risk of future complications. It is time now to prevent the next outbreak whether it is caused by contaminated hamburger or some other food product.
Kudos to The Hartford for doing the right thing for the victims of this Salmonella tragedy and sending me the insurance policies in question for the policy period 2008-2009. Great bedtime reading. Let the analysis begin and the Declaratory Judgment action fade away.
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The FDA's Website is useful if you have the time to search for everything that might contain Peanut Corporation of America Salmonella-Tainted Peanuts. My strong suspicion is that the FDA's "simplified" PCA distribution chart will leave you scratching your head (click below to download PDF).
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It is a bit hard to grasp how one company with three plants, producing only about 1% of the peanut products in the United States, could be responsible for 666 illnesses and 9 deaths in 45 states, as well as the recall of 2,750 products from over 200 manufacturers. The cost in illnesses and deaths are shocking and will be high - perhaps 50,000,00 at least. However, the recall costs, the cost of destroying product, lost sales, stock prices, profits, etc., of the companies recalling product and others who grow or use peanuts will be at least $500,000,000 or more if any past foodborne illness outbreaks are a guide.
When will the costs be enough to make consumers, industry and government invest to prevent the next outbreak? Sometimes it makes one wonder how humans could evolve so far, but still seem incapable of planning for the future.
Lynne Terry of The Oregonian keeps following the Peanut Butter Trail. Here are excerpts from an article she just posted online:
Earlier this month, a Wilsonville boy put a face on the salmonella outbreak that has sickened scores nationwide. Three-year-old Jacob Hurley sat, wearing a big-knotted tie in an angry congressional subcommittee meeting, as his father, Peter Hurley, testified about his son's illness. Jacob was sick for 11 days with severe symptoms of salmonella infection after munching on his favorite comfort food -- peanut butter crackers.
"There's no question that eating that product is what caused him to become ill," said Bill Marler, a Seattle attorney who is representing the Hurleys. Lab tests confirmed that Jacob had the same salmonella strain as in the nationwide outbreak, prompting Oregon health authorities to visit the family and test some of their leftover packages of Austin Toasty Crackers with Peanut Butter. The crackers tested positive for salmonella typhimurium, said William Keene, senior epidemiologist with the state Public Health Division.
Marler said Kellogg bears responsibility, too. "Big-name brands like Kellogg have an enormous responsibility to monitor where they're getting their product and how that product is being manufactured," he said. "The public doesn't know whether it's made in China or a rat-infested or bird-infested plant in Blakely, Georgia. They're buying a Kellogg product."
Marler, an expert in food poisoning litigation, expects the Hurley case to go to a jury trial. Although Jacob has recovered, his parents are trying to make a point, he said. "For the Hurleys, like a lot of people who wind up litigating cases, it's less about what went on with their kid," Marler said. "It's more that they're upset with the system that would allow something like this to happen."
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Finally got wireless access at the GMA Food Claims and Litigation Conference.
Peanut Update - Texas health officials confirmed this morning that Salmonella Typhimurium has been found in peanut meal at a Texas plant owned by Peanut Corporation of America (PCA). This plant's product had been linked to several illnesses in Colorado. PCA's Georgia plant appears to be linked to the remaining ill.
Also this morning the CDC increased the numbers ill to 666 in now 45 States (5 more to go) with nine deaths.
The recall of product world-wide continues with over 2,500 products now on the FDA's list.
So far the CDC reports that 654 persons infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium have been reported from 44 states. The outbreak began September 1, 2008 and has continued through at least February 3, 2009. The ill are less than one to over 98. 23% reported being hospitalized. Infection may have contributed to nine deaths: Idaho (1), Minnesota (3), North Carolina (1), Ohio (2), and Virginia (2).
The recall began in January with a few hundred products and as of Sunday now stands at 2,591 products from more than 200 companies. Products from both the Georgia and Texas Peanut Corporation of America plants are part of the recall. The recalls have extended (we could call them exports) beyond American borders to Aruba, Australia, the Bahamas, Bermuda, Canada, the Cayman Islands, Haiti, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, St. Maarten, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Singapore, Slovenia, Spain, the Turks and Caicos Islands, and the United Kingdom. The recalls also have reached into some surprising products, such as bird food. Here is a complete Peanut Butter and other Peanut Containing Products Recall List.
It is clear given the revelations (and emails) form last weeks Congressional Hearings, that Mr. Parnell needs to be personally involved in this litigation. The below amended complaint will be filed this afternoon:
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Given the bankruptcy of the Peanut Corporation of America, and the resent disclosures of the knowledge of Stewart Parnell in shipping Salmonella-tainted peanut products, we are in the process of amending our complaints to name Mr. Parnell personally as a defendant. In researching the Georgia Secretary of State site, we found the below entry:
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Must be a typo?
642 persons infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium have been reported from 44 states. The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Alabama (2), Arizona (13), Arkansas (6), California (76), Colorado (15), Connecticut (10), Florida (1), Georgia (6), Hawaii (4), Idaho (16), Illinois (9), Indiana (9), Iowa (3), Kansas (2), Kentucky (3), Maine (5), Maryland (8), Massachusetts (48), Michigan (35), Minnesota (39), Missouri (14), Mississippi (7), Nebraska (1), New Hampshire (13), New Jersey (23), New York (28), Nevada (6), North Carolina (6), North Dakota (17), Ohio (94), Oklahoma (4), Oregon (12), Pennsylvania (19), Rhode Island (4), South Dakota (4), Tennessee (13), Texas (9), Utah (6), Vermont (4), Virginia (21), Washington (18), West Virginia (2), Wisconsin (5), and Wyoming (2). Additionally, one ill person was reported from Canada.
Among the persons with confirmed, reported dates available, illnesses began between September 1, 2008 and January 28, 2009. Patients range in age from <1 to 98 years. The median age of patients is 16 years which means that half of ill persons are younger than 16 years. 21% are age <5 years, 17% are >59 years. 48% of patients are female. Among persons with available information, 23% reported being hospitalized. Infection may have contributed to nine deaths: Idaho (1), Minnesota (3), North Carolina (1), Ohio (2), and Virginia (2).
I am loving this Web Archive Site. I received an email from one of my subscribers asking, “Bill, the CDC and FDA have linked nearly 650 illnesses and nine deaths to PCA’s facility in Blakely, Georgia and the Colorado Department of Health may have linked some of the illnesses to the Plainview, Texas Plant. In any event, those plants have been closed and a recall of all products from Blakely goes back to January 2007 and in Plainview back to 2005. According to the FDA, 2233 types of peanut carrying food products have been recalled. So, why hasn’t the Virginia plant been closed?" Good question. It has been closed, but I have not heard that any product has been recalled. This is what I found about the Virginia Plant on the taken down PCA website:
Equal to the Task.
Tidewater Blanching's team members have proven, by years of dedicated service, that a small blancher is capable of competing effectively against much larger corporations.
It's All About the Quality.
We can stand toe-to-toe against our larger rivals because of our consistently high-quality work and our ability to be attentive to customers, both large and small.
It's No Secret; it's Common Sense!
Precisely because Tidewater Blanching is a small player by today's mega-corporation standards, we are uniquely able to offer blanching services tailored to each customer's specific needs, person-to-person conversations without endless recorded telephone options, and outstanding flexibility with order placement and processing. Short-notice orders are usually no problem. The Tidewater Blanching team will provide you with the kind of service you'd expect from a Peanut Corporation of America company: FIRST-CLASS!
Quality Control Superior Technology
Tidewater Blanching uses machinery that is the newest and best in the industry. Our superior employee training and top-rated Quality Control Program ensures safe, high quality blanching with minimal product loss throughout the process. The dependable interface between machines and employees helps us deliver consistently high quality in the nuts we process for our customers.
Frankly, given the Bankruptcy, I had assumed that the Virginia plant is closed. Interestingly, I also found a link to an AIBI Audit in 2004 which gave the Virginia plant a “Superior” rating of 980. Perhaps that is all the FDA needed. So much for third-party audits. I love the confidence shown by AIBI of the Virginia plant in this disclaimer:
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In a good example of whatever you put on the internet or in emails may come back to haunt you (hey, note that this stuff was "organic certified"), I found this choice quote by Stewart Parnell, President (a.k.a. “I'll take the fifth Parnell") on this web archive site link:
At Peanut Corporation of America, we’ve become “The Processor of the World’s Finest Peanut Products” by delivering quality products and services at a fair price. Since its founding in 1976, Peanut Corporation has set the standard for peanut processing, providing customers worldwide with the highest quality product and reliable, on-time delivery. Whether you are considering us for the first time or you are already our customer, you'll find we continually strive to provide innovative, flexible processing services to meet our customers’ wide-ranging needs.
Safety and Quality do make a difference. We have a remarkable Food-Safety record, developed in an environment committed to continuous training and state-of-the-art Food Safety techniques. From the corporate office to the plant floors, our comprehensive Quality Control program assists us in preventing error, reducing waste, meeting requirements, measuring results and satisfying our customers.
We are in business to be the best. With your complete satisfaction as our ultimate goal, we utilize a stringent total-satisfaction philosophy, the cornerstone of a company focused on earning its place at the top of this industry.
We look forward to the opportunity to serve you.
If it was not so damned sad and criminal, it would be pathetic.
I do not pretend to fully understand the secret codes of the bankruptcy lawyers and the Court. However, I have hired the same firm that helped me and my clients manage both the Chi-Chi and Topps Bankruptcies. The bottom line is that the victims must be protected from PCA’s and Mr. Parnell's criminal acts, other business creditors (like Kellogg and King Nut) and PCA’s own insurance carrier (The Hartford) so they are able to receive full compensation and move on with their lives. We are moving to "lift the stay of bankruptcy" in the morning. Here are a few stories over the last few days:
Troubled peanut firm has filed for bankruptcy
"Given that (Peanut Corp.) is under criminal investigation, I'm not surprised they've gone bankrupt," said Bill Marler, a Seattle lawyer representing 47 clients who are suing the company, including relatives of two people who died after reportedly consuming peanut products tainted with salmonella.
The bankruptcy filing will slow the flood of lawsuits against the company but will not prevent individuals who have been sickened from filing claims, said Marler, who specializes in suits involving food-borne illnesses.
"It just puts everything on hold," he said, adding that he would move to lift the stay of litigation Monday so new claims against the company could be made.
Peanut Corp. carried $24 million worth of personal-liability insurance for the period of the suspected contamination, Marler noted, and those funds cannot be used to pay suppliers or other companies that have had been hit with millions in product-recall costs.
Marler said his clients are also suing King Nut and Kellogg, which used Peanut Corp. products in their own foods.
Bankruptcy follows salmonella outbreak
“The bankruptcy of PCA will slow the process down slightly,” said Seattle food-borne illness attorney Bill Marler, who has filed six claims against Peanut Corp.
“But the victims will be able to be compensated from either PCA’s insurance policy or Kellogg or King Nut,” which made crackers and peanut butter the plaintiffs claim sickened them with salmonella poisoning, Marler said.
Peanut company files for bankruptcy
Attorney Bill Marler, who represents almost 50 victims, said the bankruptcy filing would not prevent individuals who have been sickened from filing claims. Once PCA is liquidated and its insurance runs out, by law King Nut and Kellogg will be on the hook for the victim lawsuits, said Marler, who specializes in suits involving food-borne illnesses.
Peanut Corp. files for bankruptcy
"Even if Peanut Corp. doesn't have enough insurance and enough assets to cover the damages, King Nut and Kellogg will have to step up," said Bill Marler, who has filed seven lawsuits against the company and represents more than 40 possible victims.
Last week, I was hired by the one case in Florida, so Florida is now on the map. So, why no cases in Alaska, Montana, Delaware, Louisiana, New Mexico or South Carolina? They eat no peanut butter? Someone should call the states' health departments.
The CDC numbers as of last Wednesday are 636 persons infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium have been reported from 44 states. Patients range in age from <1 to 98 years. The median age of patients is 16 years, which means that half of ill persons are younger than 16 years. 21% are age <5 years, 17% are >59 years. 48% of patients are female. Among persons with available information, 23% reported being hospitalized. Infection may have contributed to nine deaths: Idaho (1), Minnesota (3), North Carolina (1), Ohio (2), and Virginia (2).
The number of ill persons identified in each state is as follows: Alabama (2), Arizona (13), Arkansas (6), California (76), Colorado (15), Connecticut (10), Florida (1), Georgia (6), Hawaii (4), Idaho (16), Illinois (9), Indiana (9), Iowa (3), Kansas (2), Kentucky (3), Maine (4), Maryland (8), Massachusetts (48), Michigan (35), Minnesota (39), Missouri (14), Mississippi (7), Nebraska (1), New Hampshire (13), New Jersey (23), New York (28), Nevada (6), North Carolina (6), North Dakota (17), Ohio (92), Oklahoma (4), Oregon (12), Pennsylvania (19), Rhode Island (4), South Dakota (4), Tennessee (13), Texas (7), Utah (6), Vermont (4), Virginia (21), Washington (18), West Virginia (2), Wisconsin (4), and Wyoming (2). Additionally, one ill person was reported from Canada.
Lynne Terry (aka “peanut girl”) of the Oregonian continued to break the story yesterday that Colorado Health Officials have traced six Salmonella illnesses to the now closed Peanut Corporation of America’s (PCA’s) Plainview, Texas plant of Peanut Corporation of America. Efoodalert posted on her blog on the 10th that at least three folks from Colorado with Salmonella were linked to this plant.
Until Lynne broke the story in mainstream media, “federal authorities had identified the company's plant in Blakely, Georgia as the [only] source of the outbreak that has sickened nearly 640 people and killed nine.” According to Lynn, “epidemiologists in Denver told [her] on Friday that they have linked six new cases to the [Texas] plant….”
For those who may have forgotten, Texas health authorities on Thursday ordered the recall of all peanut-related ingredients ever shipped from the plant, which had operated since 2005 without an inspection after they found bird feathers, dead rodents and feces in the plant.
What on Wednesday was clearly the largest food recall in US history, will now become larger due to the volume of product produced in Texas. Here is a question for the FDA - what about PCA’s Virginia plant?
Not really unexpected. Hartford Insurance, however, has $12,000,000 per policy period - perhaps as much $40,000,000 total to cover claims of victims of this tragedy. Also, manufacturers like Kellogg and King Nut are morally and legally responsible for the products they manufactured and sold.
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I was honored to be in Washington DC to hear victims testify before the House subcommittee for Oversight and Investigations about the illness and death caused by tainted peanut butter. Lou Tousignant spoke about his father, who survived the Korean War with three purple hearts, only to be killed by peanut butter. Peter Hurley spoke about his 3-year-old son who became very sick with Salmonella, and the revelation that the “comfort food” their pediatrician said to allow the toddler while he was ill turned out to be the very thing that made him sick and get sicker: Austin brand peanut butter cracker sandwiches. While we were in the hearings, news came through that there may be another death attributed to the outbreak, which would bring the total to nine. The CDC released new data on illnesses, which now number 600 in 44 States. When I landed a few moments ago I learned that even more Peanut Corporation of America product is being recalled. This time from its Texas plant. All products ever shipped from the Peanut Corp. of America plant in Plainview were recalled after the Texas Department of State Health Services said it found dead rodents, rodent excrement and bird feathers in a crawl space above a production area on Wednesday.
While meetings with Congresswoman Rosa deLauro and staffers of other Representatives and Senators concerned with food safety kept me very busy, I still had time to file two more peanut butter lawsuits, bringing the total to six with about thirty more to go.
I filed first on behalf of the Kirchners, a Minnesota family whose two small children fell ill in December, 2008 after eating snack foods made with Salmonella-tainted peanut butter. Even with a sharp pediatrician who ordered stool samples and identified Salmonella poisoning in their younger child, the link to peanut butter had not been established and their older child fell ill. The pediatrician suspected Salmonella, and suggested that the worried parents take their son to Children’s hospital, where the severity of his symptoms necessitated his admission. He remained hospitalized for three days, where he was also cultured with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium. Both children are still struggling to regain their health.
Next I filed on behalf of two year-old Nevada child who ate peanut butter cracker sandwiches (also in December, 2008), and fell ill. Her parents sought emergency medical care for her nausea, profuse diarrhea, and abdominal pain, but were sent home with the child and told to keep her hydrated. When her symptoms worsened they returned to the hospital, and she was admitted. During her stay, a stool sample revealed that she had been infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella. After her release, she required weeks to return to health.
And unfortunately, this is far from over.
I am looking forward to the Hearing in the morning. So is the Subcommittee if the letter to Mr. Parnell is an example. I may be allowed to submit written testimony in the morning. Click on below to see overview of Hearing:
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In addition to the first filed case against Peanut Corporation of America and Kellogg (Meunier) we filed on the 20th of January, yesterday we filed the following in Georgia Federal Court.
Bryson Trone is a three year old resident of California. He consumed "Austin" brand peanut butter crackers on multiple occasions on or around December 25, 2008. He fell ill on December 26, 2008, suffering from fever, and profuse and painful bouts of diarrhea that turned bloody. His symptoms worsened, and he was subsequently hospitalized from January 1, 2009 through January 5, 2009. While hospitalized, he tested positive for Salmonella Typhimurium.
Mrs. Mildred Williams is an 84 year old resident of Massachusetts. On or about December 27, 2008, Ms. Williams purchased Kellogg’s “Austin” brand peanut but
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